Sludge is an inevitable by product of sewage treatment, and it includes pathogens, heavy metals, organic pollutants and other toxic substances. The components of sludge are complex and variable with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) being one. EPS are highly hydrophilic and compressible, and make sludge dewatering difficult. Therefore, the development of efficient sludge-dewatering technology is an important means of mitigating rapid sludge growth. At present, the main methods used for sludge deep-dewatering technology are chemical preconditioning with high-pressure filtration and electrical mechanical dewatering. The selection of chemical preconditioning directly determines the final efficiency of the sludge-dewatering process. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive review of the problems related to sludge dewatering and systematically summarise the impact of different chemical conditioning technologies on the efficiency of sludge dewatering. Furthermore, the characteristics of different enhanced dewatering technologies are evaluated and analysed for their adaptability and final disposal methods. We believe that this review can clarify the chemical conditioner mechanism to improve sludge dewatering, provide reference debugging information for the sludge-dewatering process and promote the development of efficient and environmentally friendly sludge-dewatering technology.

污泥是污水处理过程中不可避免的副产物，其中包括病原体，重金属，有机污染物和其他有毒物质。污泥的成分是复杂的且可变的，其中细胞外聚合物（EPS）是其中一种。EPS具有高度亲水性和可压缩性，使污泥难以脱水。因此，发展高效的污泥脱水技术是缓解污泥快速增长的重要手段。目前，污泥深度脱水技术的主要方法是高压过滤化学预处理和机电脱水。化学预处理的选择直接决定了污泥脱水过程的最终效率。在本文中，我们对与污泥脱水有关的问题进行了全面回顾，并系统地总结了不同的化学处理技术对污泥脱水效率的影响。此外，对各种增强型脱水技术的特性进行了评估和分析，以了解其适应性和最终处置方法。我们认为，这次审查可以阐明化学调节剂的作用机理，以改善污泥脱水，为污泥脱水过程提供参考调试信息，并促进高效，环保的污泥脱水技术的发展。对各种增强型脱水技术的特性进行了评估和分析，以了解其适应性和最终处置方法。我们认为，这次审查可以阐明化学调节剂的作用机理，以改善污泥脱水，为污泥脱水过程提供参考调试信息，并促进高效，环保的污泥脱水技术的发展。对各种增强型脱水技术的特性进行了评估和分析，以了解其适应性和最终处置方法。我们认为，这次审查可以阐明化学调节剂的作用机理，以改善污泥脱水，为污泥脱水过程提供参考调试信息，并促进高效，环保的污泥脱水技术的发展。