Supramolecular polymers have emerged as a scientifically challenging and technologically important field of polymer science, because of the dynamic nature of the secondary bonds which govern their self-organization and their macroscopic properties. Their response to environmental parameters (temperature, solvent, pH, humidity) offer unprecedented tunability, enabling applications in diverse fields ranging from biomaterials to microelectronics. Thanks to the advances in supramolecular and organic chemistry, the field has gained tremendously in relevance and the fine-tuning of molecular structure has yielded a rich diversity of self-assemblies in solution and in the melt, whose consequences on the respective rheological and mechanical properties are significant but not fully understood. It is clear that the plethora of (mostly) experimental evidence needs to be grouped thematically in order to define the basic knowledge and outstanding issues and eventually advance the field. In this brief review we attempt to contribute in this direction by focusing on solutions of living polymers based on hydrogen-bonding moieties. In this review, we summarize the different possibilities to obtain such supramolecular assemblies, their structural and linear viscoelastic properties along with the basic framework for understanding them, as well as their response to different external fields. We outline the major open challenges, especially regarding nonlinear rheology and briefly discuss the perspectives of this exciting field.

由于支配它们的自组织和宏观特性的仲键的动态性质，超分子聚合物已经成为聚合物科学的科学挑战和技术上重要的领域。它们对环境参数（温度，溶剂，pH，湿度）的响应提供了前所未有的可调性，从而使它可以应用于从生物材料到微电子学的各种领域。得益于超分子和有机化学的进步，该领域获得了极大的相关性，并且分子结构的微调已经在溶液和熔体中产生了丰富的自组装体多样性，这对各自的流变学和机械性能产生了影响是重要的但尚未完全理解。显然，需要对（大多数）实验证据进行过多的主题分类，以定义基础知识和突出问题并最终推动该领域的发展。在这篇简短的综述中，我们试图通过关注基于氢键部分的活性聚合物的溶液来朝这个方向做出贡献。在这篇综述中，我们总结了获得这种超分子组装体的不同可能性，它们的结构和线性粘弹性以及理解它们的基本框架，以及它们对不同外部场的反应。我们概述了主要的开放挑战，尤其是在非线性流变学方面，并简要讨论了这一令人兴奋的领域的观点。