Micro-supercapacitors are promising energy storage devices that can complement or even replace lithium-ion batteries in wearable and stretchable microelectronics. However, they often possess a relatively low energy density and limited mechanical stretchability. Here, we report an all-in-one planar micro-supercapacitor arrays (MSCAs) based on hybrid electrodes with ultrathin ZnP nanosheets anchored on 3D laser-induced graphene foams (ZnP@LIG) arranged in island-bridge device architecture. The hybrid electrodes with a large specific surface area demonstrate excellent ionic and electrical conductivities, impressive gravimetric (areal) capacitance of 1425 F g⁻¹ (7.125 F cm⁻²) at 1 A g⁻¹, and long-term stability. In addition to high energy (245 m Wh cm⁻²) and power (12.50 mW kg⁻¹ at 145 m Wh cm⁻²) densities, the MSCAs with excellent cycling stability also showcase adjustable voltage and current outputs through serial and parallel connections of MSC cells in the island-bridge design, which also allows the system to be reversibly stretched up to 100%. Meanwhile, theoretical calculations validated by UV–vis absorption spectra partially suggest that the enhanced capacitance and rate capability may result from the improved electrical conductivity and number of adsorbed charged ions (Na⁺ in Na₂SO₄ aqueous electrolyte and K⁺ in PVA/KCl gel electrolyte) on the pseudocapacitive non-layered ultrathin ZnP nanosheets. The integration of the all-in-one stretchable MSCAs with a crumpled Au-based triboelectric nanogenerator and stretchable crumpled graphene-based strain sensor demonstrates a self-powered stretchable system. The coupled design principle of electronic materials and device architecture provides a promising method to develop high-performance wearable/stretchable energy storage devices and self-powered stretchable systems for future bio-integrated electronics.

微型超级电容器是有前途的能量存储设备，可以补充甚至替代可穿戴和可拉伸微电子设备中的锂离子电池。但是，它们通常具有较低的能量密度和有限的机械拉伸性。在这里，我们报告基于混合电极的多合一平面微型超级电容器阵列（MSCA），超薄ZnP纳米片锚固在3D激光诱导的石墨烯泡沫（ZnP @ LIG）上，排列在岛桥设备体系结构中。具有大比表面积的混合电极表现出优异的离子和电导率，在1 A g ^-1下具有1425 F g ^-1（7.125 F cm ^-2）的引人注目的重量（面积）电容，并具有长期稳定性。除了高能量（245 m Wh厘米密度（⁻²）和功率（在145 m Wh cm ^-2处为12.50 mW kg ^-1），具有出色的循环稳定性的MSCA在岛桥设计中还通过MSC电池的串联和并联连接展示了可调的电压和电流输出。还可以将系统可逆地拉伸到100％。同时，通过UV-vis吸收光谱验证的理论计算部分表明，提高的电容量和倍率能力可能是由于电导率和吸附的带电离子（Na ₂ SO ₄水溶液中的Na ⁺和K ⁺（在PVA / KCl凝胶电解质中）。将多合一可拉伸MSCA与可折叠的Au基摩擦纳米发电机和可拉伸的可折叠石墨烯基应变传感器集成在一起，证明了一种自供电的可拉伸系统。电子材料和设备架构的耦合设计原理提供了一种有前途的方法，可以为未来的生物集成电子产品开发高性能可穿戴/可拉伸储能设备和自供电可拉伸系统。