Abstract A novel tubular polyvinyl chloride (PVC) hybrid nanofiber membrane with three-dimensional structure interwoven by three-dimensional microspheres and two-dimensional nanofibers was fabricated via electrospinning process, with the polyester (PET) hollow braided tube as the support and hydrophobic nano silica (SiO2) as the inorganic additive. The fabricating strategy was designed as the double-needle electrospinning methods with two-component in respective needles. The synergistic effect of two-dimensional nanofibers interwoven with three-dimensional microspheres endowed the three-dimensional nanofiber membrane with the continuous water-oil-solid interfaces, which slowed down the water wetting process and improved the hydrophobic stability of the membrane. With high porosity and multistage rough structures, the three-dimensional nanofiber membrane could be used as an efficient liquid separation membrane, which had excellent separation efficiency for various surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions separation without external force. When the SiO2 content reached to 4 wt%, the membrane revealed excellent lipophilicity and superhydrophobicity under oil. Moreover, it produced a high permeation flux up to 358.60 L/m2.h with outstanding separation efficiency more than 95% under the driving of gravity, and the excellent reuse performance in water-in-oil emulsion. In addition, the three-dimensional tubular nanofiber membranes prepared by this method have high porosity, excellent mechanical properties, good thermal stability and hydrophobic stability. This simple, economical and environmentally friendly method provided a convenient and cheap platform for the field of waste oil containing water remediation.

中文翻译：

---

油包水乳液分离管状聚氯乙烯杂化纳米纤维膜三维结构设计

摘要 以聚酯（PET）中空编织管为载体，疏水性纳米二氧化硅通过静电纺丝工艺制备了一种新型管状聚氯乙烯（PVC）杂化纳米纤维膜，其三维结构由三维微球和二维纳米纤维交织而成。 (SiO2) 作为无机添加剂。制造策略被设计为双针静电纺丝方法，在各自的针中具有两个组分。二维纳米纤维与三维微球的协同作用赋予三维纳米纤维膜连续的水-油-固界面，减缓了水润湿过程，提高了膜的疏水稳定性。具有高孔隙率和多级粗糙结构，该三维纳米纤维膜可作为一种高效的液体分离膜，在无外力的情况下，对各种表面活性剂稳定的油包水乳液的分离具有优异的分离效率。当SiO2含量达到4wt%时，膜在油下表现出优异的亲油性和超疏水性。此外，它产生了高达358.60 L/m2.h的高渗透通量，在重力驱动下的分离效率超过95%，在油包水乳液中具有优异的再利用性能。此外，该方法制备的三维管状纳米纤维膜具有高孔隙率、优异的力学性能、良好的热稳定性和疏水稳定性。这个简单，