Abstract This article presents an overview of mathematical modeling and optimization of demand response (DR) algorithms reported in the literature. The DR can be implemented at various levels in the power system. In view of this, DR related literature is classified into a single home, aggregated home, network level, and market-level demand response. The mathematical formulation and the issues associated with each level are discussed. It provides detailed information on modeling, implementation, uncertainty handling in DR. Moreover, the integration of the battery energy storage system (BESS), electric vehicle (EV), and renewable energy sources are provided in the DR perspective. Also, the research gaps and future research directions in the field of DR are discussed at the end.

中文翻译：

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以消费者为中心的电力市场的需求响应：数学模型和优化问题

摘要 本文概述了文献中报告的需求响应 (DR) 算法的数学建模和优化。DR 可以在电力系统的各个级别实施。有鉴于此，DR相关文献分为单一家庭、聚合家庭、网络级和市场级需求响应。讨论了数学公式和与每个级别相关的问题。它提供了有关 DR 中建模、实施和不确定性处理的详细信息。此外，从 DR 角度提供了电池储能系统 (BESS)、电动汽车 (EV) 和可再生能源的集成。此外，最后讨论了DR领域的研究空白和未来的研究方向。