The authors have analyzed the necessity to improve the composition of existing critical structural materials for the purpose of developing metal matrix materials, which combine a highly plastic metal base and high-melting, high-strength, high-modulus fillers. Dispersed yttrium oxide (Y2O3) particles are preferred for iron matrix alloys, because of their stability at pyrometallurgical process temperatures and inertness to alloy components. The manufacturing of new materials by addition of dispersed particles into a liquid melt during casting using a centrifugal casting machine to obtain a hollow (pipe) billet is considered. The potential for improving the mechanical and operational properties of metal matrix materials in comparison with the monomaterial is demonstrated. This paper describes the thermodynamic modeling of high-temperature processes in the yttrium oxide–metal matrix (melt) system. The modeling has been carried out using the FactSage software package. A composition corresponding to 12Cr18Ni10Ti (12Kh18N10T) steel was used to model the matrix material. The calculations have been based on the ratio of 1 g of yttrium oxide additive per 100 g of matrix metal melt. It can be concluded based on the modeling results that the added dispersed yttrium oxide powder does not interact with alloy components, does not dissociate, and does not undergo allotropic transformations. The experiments on production of centrifugal castings using yttrium oxide as a strengthening phase with the aim of increasing radiation resistance have been proved to be expedient. The developmental focus of the most effective technology for creating metallic materials based on iron matrix dispersed-hardened with yttrium oxide has been established.

中文翻译：

---

使用氧化钇粉末作为耐腐蚀钢离心铸造强化相的潜力

作者分析了改进现有关键结构材料组成的必要性，以开发金属基体材料，该材料结合了高塑性金属基体和高熔点、高强度、高模量的填料。分散的氧化钇 (Y2O3) 颗粒是铁基合金的首选，因为它们在火法冶金工艺温度下的稳定性和对合金成分的惰性。考虑通过在使用离心铸造机的铸造过程中将分散的颗粒添加到液态熔体中以获得中空（管）坯来制造新材料。证明了与单一材料相比，改善金属基体材料的机械和操作性能的潜力。本文描述了氧化钇 - 金属基体（熔体）系统中高温过程的热力学模型。建模是使用 FactSage 软件包进行的。对应于 12Cr18Ni10Ti (12Kh18N10T) 钢的成分用于模拟基体材料。计算基于每 100 克基质金属熔体 1 克氧化钇添加剂的比例。基于建模结果可以得出结论，添加的分散氧化钇粉末不与合金组分相互作用、不解离且不发生同素异形体转变。使用氧化钇作为强化相生产离心铸件以提高抗辐射性的实验已被证明是有利的。