Abstract

Using a titania–silica precursor with the composition SiO₂ ∙ TiO₂ ∙ хH₂O, isolated via hydrochloric acid treatment of a process waste from the dressing of apatite–nepheline ore, we have prepared a hybrid composite containing silica as a matrix for an α-Ti(HPO₄)₂ ∙ H₂O functional filler (STP). The key step of the synthesis process is a solution-phase reaction of the precursor with phosphoric acid. Our results demonstrate that a preferable sequence of steps begins with the mechanical activation of the components of the precursor, with their phase transformations. Using a combination of subsequent heat treatment with phosphoric acid with different concentrations under atmospheric conditions and in an autoclave, we have found conditions for chemical reactions that change the composition and structure of the final product and, accordingly, its sorption activity for cesium and strontium cations. The synthesized hybrid inorganic material can be effectively used to remove radionuclides and heavy nonferrous metal cations from liquid discharges. The proposed technology significantly surpasses known processes in economic and environmental characteristics.

中文翻译：

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基于二氧化硅和磷酸钛（IV）的杂化复合材料

摘要

使用二氧化钛-二氧化硅的前体与所述组合物的SiO ₂ ∙的TiO ₂ ∙ х ħ ₂ O，通过从磷灰石霞石矿石的选矿工艺废物盐酸处理分离，我们准备了杂化复合物含有二氧化硅作为基质α-Ti（HPO ₄）₂ ∙H ₂O功能性填料（STP）。合成过程的关键步骤是前体与磷酸的溶液相反应。我们的结果表明，优选的步骤顺序从前体组分的机械活化及其相变开始。通过在大气条件下和在高压釜中使用不同浓度的磷酸进行后续热处理的组合，我们发现了化学反应的条件，这些条件会改变最终产品的组成和结构，并因此改变其对铯和锶阳离子的吸附活性。合成的无机杂化材料可以有效地去除液体排放物中的放射性核素和重有色金属阳离子。