Abstract

It is predicted that the forest and materials from the forest will play an important role to enable the transformation from our linear present to a circular and sustainable future. Therefore, there is a need to understand the materials that can be extracted from the forest, and how to use them in an efficient manner. Here, carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) from the forest are used to produce films and filaments with the aim to preserve the impressive mechanical properties of a single CNF in a macro-scale material. The mechanical properties of both the films (tensile strength of 231 MPa) and filaments (tensile strength of 645 MPa) are demonstrated to be maximized when the starting suspension is in a flowing state. This is a new insight with regards to filament spinning of CNF, and it is here argued that the three main factors contributing to the mechanical properties of the filaments are (1) the possibility to produce a self-supporting filament from a suspension, (2) the CNF alignment inside the filament and (3) the spatial homogeneity of the starting suspension. The results in this study could possibly also apply to other nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and silk protein fibrils, which are predicted to play a large part in future high performing applications.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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羧甲基化纤维素纳米原纤维的浓度机制对材料形成对薄膜和长丝力学性能的影响

摘要

可以预见，森林和森林中的物质将在实现从线性现状到循环可持续发展的转变中发挥重要作用。因此，需要了解可以从森林中提取的材料，以及如何以有效的方式使用它们。在这里，来自森林的羧甲基化纤维素纳米原纤维（CNF）用于生产薄膜和长丝，目的是在宏观材料中保留单个CNF令人印象深刻的机械性能。当起始悬浮液处于流动状态时，薄膜（长丝强度为231 MPa）和长丝（长丝强度为645 MPa）的机械性能均得到了最大化。这是有关CNF长丝纺丝的新见解，并据此认为，影响长丝机械性能的三个主要因素是：（1）从悬浮液中产生自支撑长丝的可能性；（2）长丝内部的CNF排列；（3）空间分布。起始悬浮液的均质性。这项研究的结果也可能适用于其他纳米材料，例如碳纳米管和丝蛋白原纤维，预计它们将在未来的高性能应用中发挥重要作用。

图形摘要