Over the past two decades, the rangelands of Eastern Africa have experienced sweeping changes associated with growing human populations, shifting land use, expanding livestock marketing and trade, and greater investment by domestic and global capital. These trends have coincided with several large shocks that were turning points for how rangeland inhabitants make a living. As livelihoods in the region’s rangelands transform in seemingly paradoxical directions, away from customary pastoralist production systems, greater insight is required of how these transformations might affect poverty and vulnerability. This article reviews the state of what is known regarding directions of livelihood change in the rangelands of Eastern Africa, drawing on case studies of structural change in five settings in the region. It considers the implications of long-term change, as well as the emergence of very different livelihood mixes in pastoral rangelands, for efforts to reduce poverty and vulnerability in these places.

中文翻译：

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东非新发展的牧区和牧后牧场

在过去的二十年中，东部非洲的牧场经历了与人口增长，土地使用转移，牲畜销售和贸易扩大以及国内和全球资本的更多投资相关的巨大变化。这些趋势与几场大冲击同时发生，这是牧场居民如何谋生的转折点。随着该地区牧场的生计朝着看似矛盾的方向转变，远离传统的牧民生产系统，因此需要对这些转变如何影响贫困和脆弱性有更深入的了解。本文根据该地区五个地区的结构变化案例研究，回顾了有关东非牧场的生计变化方向的已知情况。