Transesterification kinetics of Croton megalocarpus oil to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was studied using homogeneous NaOH and heterogeneous alkaline earth Nano MgO, MgO, Nano CaO, CaO, Reoxidized CaO, SrO, and BaO catalysts. Characteristic surface, bulk, and chemical properties of the heterogeneous catalysts were obtained which included surface area, pore properties, scanning electron micrography, X-ray diffraction, basic strength, and basicity. The catalyst porosity varied as Nano MgO > Nano CaO > MgO > CaO > CaO-RO > SrO > BaO and basicity as BaO > SrO > Nano CaO > CaO RO > CaO > Nano MgO > MgO. Catalysts NaOH, BaO, SrO, and Nano CaO gave a good FAME yield (>50%), and reaction order and rate constant have been reported for these catalysts, for both conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The overall reaction for NaOH was of 1^st order for microwave irradiation with respect to triglyceride and of 2^nd order with respect to triglyceride under conventional heating. For the heterogeneous catalysts, the overall reaction was of 3^rd order, 2^nd order with respect to triglyceride and 1^st order with respect to methanol for both heating methods. Reaction rate constants for microwave irradiation were higher than those for conventional heating due to faster reaction rates under such heating. BaO was the most active heterogeneous catalyst, followed by SrO and Nano CaO, which was in accordance with their basicity.

中文翻译：

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常规和微波加热碱土催化剂对巴豆油脂酯交换动力学。

巴豆巴豆的酯交换动力学使用均相NaOH和非均相碱土纳米MgO，MgO，Nano CaO，CaO，重氧化的CaO，SrO和BaO催化剂研究了石油生产脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）。获得了非均相催化剂的特征表面，体积和化学性质，包括表面积，孔性质，扫描电子显微照片，X射线衍射，碱性强度和碱性。催化剂孔隙率随纳米MgO>纳米CaO> MgO> CaO> CaO-RO> SrO> BaO而变化，碱度为BaO> SrO>纳米CaO> CaO RO> CaO>纳米MgO> MgO。催化剂NaOH，BaO，SrO和Nano CaO具有良好的FAME收率（> 50％），并且对于常规加热和微波辐射，已报道了这些催化剂的反应顺序和速率常数。在传统的加热条件下，对甘油三酸酯的微波辐射量为2^倍，对于甘油三酸酯的辐射量为2^倍。对于非均相催化剂，整体反应的3^次顺序，2^次以便相对于甘油三酯和1 ^ST以便相对于甲醇为两个加热的方法。微波辐射的反应速率常数高于常规加热的反应速率常数，因为在这种加热下反应速率更快。BaO是活性最高的非均相催化剂，其次是碱性，其次是SrO和Nano CaO。