Abstract The present study investigates the performance of selected turbulence models to predict the temperature distribution and eddy viscosity ratio in a horizontal direct-chill casting. The turbulence models include the velocity variance–elliptic relaxation ( ), the kinetic energy-specific dissipation rate shear stress transport (k-ω SST), standard kinetic energy dissipation rate (k-ε), and its modern variants of the Realizable and the Renormalization group (RNG). The predicted results indicate that the turbulence model majorly has a faster drop in the temperature within the mold region and decay of the eddy viscosity ratio within the slurry zone than other turbulence models. The second turbulence model of choice that has closed performance with the is the k-ω SST. The reason for the improved heat transfer in the above-mentioned models was that they have an additional turbulent term in the energy equation that is called turbulent heat fluxes which promotes heat transfer rate as the flow strongly mixed during the solidification process. Therefore, and k-ω SST turbulent heat fluxes strongly mixed more with the flow than the other turbulence models, thereby promoting fast temperature and eddy viscosity ratio drop.

中文翻译：

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用于计算水平直冷铸造温度分布和涡粘比的强湍流模型

摘要 本研究调查了选定的湍流模型在水平直冷铸造中预测温度分布和涡粘比的性能。湍流模型包括速度方差 - 椭圆弛豫 ( )、特定动能耗散率剪切应力传输 (k-ω SST)、标准动能耗散率 (k-ε) 及其现代变体 Realizable 和重整化组 (RNG)。预测结果表明，与其他湍流模型相比，湍流模型主要具有更快的模具区温度下降和浆液区涡粘比衰减。具有封闭性能的第二个选择的湍流模型是 k-ω SST。上述模型中传热改善的原因是它们在能量方程中有一个额外的湍流项，称为湍流热通量，当流动在凝固过程中强烈混合时，它提高了传热率。因此，和 k-ω SST 湍流热通量比其他湍流模型更强烈地与流动混合，从而促进温度和涡粘比快速下降。