One explanation for self-other differences in decision making is that they are due to differences in the construal of the situation, with advisors adopting a more abstract construal of the decision. However, decisions for the should self (what should I do?) are also characterized by an abstract construal, suggesting that advice to friends might be similar to what decision makers think they should do (self-should decisions). We conducted three studies comparing should self decisions with advice in situations characterized by a want/should conflict. Study 1 demonstrated that advice to a friend was different from a self-should decision. Self-should choices were also found to be different from what one wants to do (self-want) and what one would do (self-would). Study 2 found that participants in the advice conditions considered the context when making a recommendation, but participants in the self-should conditions were unaffected. Finally, Study 3 demonstrated that advisors considered the goal of the decision maker's behavior when making recommendations, unlike participants in the self-should and injunctive norm conditions. These results demonstrate that self-other differences in decision making extend to self-should decisions and that self-should decisions are consistent with injunctive norms. Self-should decisions were unaffected by situational factors, whereas advice to friends considered the decision maker's primary goal.

中文翻译：

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给想要/应该冲突的朋友的建议

对决策中的自我其他差异的一种解释是，它们是由于对情况的解释不同，顾问对决策采用了更抽象的解释。然而，应该自我的决定（我应该做什么？）也以抽象解释为特征，这表明给朋友的建议可能类似于决策者认为他们应该做的事情（自我应该做的决定）。我们进行了三项研究，比较在以想要/应该冲突为特征的情况下应该自我决定与建议。研究 1 表明，给朋友的建议不同于自我应该做出的决定。还发现自我应该的选择不同于一个人想要做什么（self-want）和一个人会做什么（self-would）。研究 2 发现，建议条件下的参与者在提出建议时考虑了上下文，但自我应该条件下的参与者不受影响。最后，研究 3 表明，与自我应该和禁令规范条件下的参与者不同，顾问在提出建议时考虑了决策者行为的目标。这些结果表明，决策中的自我其他差异扩展到自我应该的决定，并且自我应该的决定与禁令规范是一致的。自我应该做出的决定不受情境因素的影响，而对朋友的建议则是决策者的主要目标。提出建议时的行为，与自我应该和禁令规范条件下的参与者不同。这些结果表明，决策中的自我其他差异扩展到自我应该的决定，并且自我应该的决定与禁令规范是一致的。自我应该做出的决定不受情境因素的影响，而对朋友的建议则是决策者的主要目标。提出建议时的行为，与自我应该和禁令规范条件下的参与者不同。这些结果表明，决策中的自我其他差异扩展到自我应该的决定，并且自我应该的决定与禁令规范是一致的。自我应该做出的决定不受情境因素的影响，而对朋友的建议则是决策者的主要目标。