We examine how choice bracketing affects expected value maximization in experience-based choice. Experience-based choices are a series of individual choices made sequentially, for which feedback follows each choice, and are thus naturally bracketed narrowly. Previous research broadly bracketed multiple experience-based choices for decision makers by aggregating the choices (such that each choice pertained to multiple individual choices) or by reducing feedback frequency. We find that decision makers prompted to actively broad-bracket experience-based choices in the presence of immediate feedback on individual choices (which prompts narrow bracketing) are more likely to choose expected value maximizing options than decision makers prompted to narrow-bracket these choices. This pattern replicated across four studies, using different manipulations of choice bracketing, forms of feedback (partial or full), payoffs (hypothetical or incentive-compatible payoff), subject populations, and when the choices and outcome distribution involved prices or time. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.

中文翻译：

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选择包围和基于经验的选择

我们研究了选择括号如何影响基于经验的选择中的期望值最大化。基于经验的选择是一系列按顺序做出的个人选择，每个选择都有反馈，因此自然而然地被狭义地括起来。先前的研究通过汇总选择（例如每个选择与多个个人选择相关）或通过减少反馈频率，为决策者广泛地提供了多种基于经验的选择。我们发现，与被提示缩小范围的决策者相比，在对个人选择的即时反馈（这会提示窄范围）的情况下，被提示积极广泛地基于经验的选择的决策者更有可能选择期望值最大化的选项。这种模式在四项研究中重复，使用对选择范围、反馈形式（部分或全部）、回报（假设或激励相容的回报）、受试者群体以及选择和结果分布何时涉及价格或时间的不同操作。我们讨论了我们发现的理论和实践意义。