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How Tribo‐Oxidation Alters the Tribological Properties of Copper and Its Oxides
Advanced Materials Interfaces ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 , DOI: 10.1002/admi.202001673 Julia S. Lehmann 1 , Ruth Schwaiger 2, 3 , Monika Rinke 4 , Christian Greiner 1
Advanced Materials Interfaces ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 , DOI: 10.1002/admi.202001673 Julia S. Lehmann 1 , Ruth Schwaiger 2, 3 , Monika Rinke 4 , Christian Greiner 1
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Tribochemical reactions in many applications determine the performance and lifetime of individual parts or entire engineering systems. The underlying processes are however not yet fully understood. Here, the tribological properties of copper and its oxides are investigated under mild tribological loading and for dry sliding. The oxides represent the late stages of a copper–sapphire tribo‐contact, once the whole copper surface is covered with an oxide. For this purpose, high‐purity copper, thermally‐oxidized and sintered Cu2O and CuO samples are tribologically loaded and eventually formed wear particles analyzed. The tribological behavior of the oxides is found to be beneficial for a reduction of the coefficient of friction (COF), mainly due to an increase in hardness. The results reveal tribochemical reactions when copper oxides are present, irrespective of whether they form during sliding or are existent from the beginning. Most strikingly, a reduction of copper oxide to metallic copper is observed in X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. A more accurate understanding of tribo‐oxidation will allow for manufacturing well‐defined surfaces with enhanced tribological properties. This paves the way for extending the lifetime of contacts evincing tribo‐oxidation.
中文翻译：
摩擦氧化如何改变铜及其氧化物的摩擦学性能
在许多应用中，摩擦化学反应决定了单个零件或整个工程系统的性能和寿命。但是，尚未完全理解其基本过程。在此，研究了铜及其氧化物在轻度摩擦载荷下和干滑下的摩擦学性能。一旦整个铜表面都被氧化物覆盖，则氧化物代表铜-蓝宝石摩擦接触的后期。为此，使用高纯度铜，热氧化和烧结的Cu 2O和CuO样品经过摩擦加载，并最终分析了形成的磨损颗粒。发现氧化物的摩擦学行为有利于减小摩擦系数（COF），这主要是由于硬度的增加。结果揭示了存在氧化铜时的摩擦化学反应，无论它们是在滑动过程中形成还是从一开始就存在。最为显着的是，在X射线光电子能谱测量中观察到氧化铜还原为金属铜。对摩擦氧化的更准确的了解将允许制造具有增强的摩擦学特性的轮廓分明的表面。这为延长因摩擦氧化而产生的触点的寿命铺平了道路。
更新日期：2021-01-12
中文翻译：
摩擦氧化如何改变铜及其氧化物的摩擦学性能
在许多应用中，摩擦化学反应决定了单个零件或整个工程系统的性能和寿命。但是，尚未完全理解其基本过程。在此，研究了铜及其氧化物在轻度摩擦载荷下和干滑下的摩擦学性能。一旦整个铜表面都被氧化物覆盖，则氧化物代表铜-蓝宝石摩擦接触的后期。为此，使用高纯度铜，热氧化和烧结的Cu 2O和CuO样品经过摩擦加载，并最终分析了形成的磨损颗粒。发现氧化物的摩擦学行为有利于减小摩擦系数（COF），这主要是由于硬度的增加。结果揭示了存在氧化铜时的摩擦化学反应，无论它们是在滑动过程中形成还是从一开始就存在。最为显着的是，在X射线光电子能谱测量中观察到氧化铜还原为金属铜。对摩擦氧化的更准确的了解将允许制造具有增强的摩擦学特性的轮廓分明的表面。这为延长因摩擦氧化而产生的触点的寿命铺平了道路。
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