Few, if any, studies have researched the effects of vegetation, water and shading on outdoor thermal comfort in the hot and dry climate. This study identified and examined the effect of kharkhona as an architectural element of Sistan Region, which is often used in closed spaces, on outdoor thermal comfort in the hot and dry climate of Sistan during the summers of 2019 and 2020 with the aim of improving the unfavorable climatic conditions of the region via building on a technique devised by the residents of Sistan. To this end, a kharkhona was designed, built and evaluated in an open urban space. Physiological equivalent temperature index, which has been shown to be highly associated with the sensation of thermal comfort, was used as the indicator for evaluation of outdoor thermal condition. The findings showed that kharkhona can reduce the PET index by 9.34 °C in the space inside kharkhona compared to the environment outside the construct and moderate the “hot” and “very hot” heat sensation of the space outside kharkhona to “warm” and “slightly warm” in the inner space of the construct. Kharkhona can be used as a reference model for designing natural ventilation and is a viable strategy for modification of outdoor thermal comfort since it can provide better comfort conditions than vegetation.

很少有研究研究炎热干燥气候下植被，水和遮荫对室外热舒适性的影响。这项研究确定并检验了喀什霍纳作为锡斯坦地区的建筑元素，该效应经常在封闭空间中使用，它在2019年和2020年夏季干燥炎热的锡斯坦气候中对室外热舒适性产生了影响，旨在改善通过锡斯坦（Sistan）居民设计的技术，使该地区的气候条件不利。为此，在一个开放的城市空间中设计，建造和评估了喀尔霍纳语。已显示与热舒适感高度相关的生理等效温度指数用作评估室外热状况的指标。研究结果表明，与建筑外部的环境相比，harkhona可以将kharkhona内部空间的PET指数降低9.34°C，并且可以将kharkhona外部空间的“热”和“非常热”热敏化至“温暖”和“高温”。略微温暖”。Kharkhona可以用作设计自然通风的参考模型，并且是修改室外热舒适性的可行策略，因为它可以提供比植被更好的舒适性条件。