Background

Obesity incidence and prevalence is of increasing concern in First Nations communities around Canada. In addition to diet and physical activity, environmental pollutants have been suggested as a potential contributory factor to obesity associated morbidity. Owing to the exposure of Cree First Nations people to various persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and toxic metals, it is important to examine the association between obesity in these communities, and contaminant body burdens.

Objective

To determine whether selected morphometry measures (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC] and body fat percentage) are associated with body burdens of 10 POPs and toxic metals.

Methods

Using data from the Nituuchischaayihtitaau Aschii Multi-community Environment-and-Health study in the eastern James Bay (Eeyou Istchee) Cree communities, this cross-sectional study examined morphometric and contaminant measures of 695 eligible participants. Sex stratified principal component analysis was conducted on blood plasma concentrations of 10 POPs and toxic metals. BMI, WC, body fat percent, and resultant contaminant components were used to create generalized linear models, and adjusted for covariates (age, total lipids, smoking, and n-3 fatty acids).

Results

Two principal components (PCs; PC-1 and PC-2) were extracted for both males and females. For females, PC-1 explained 73.3% and PC-2 explained 10.5%, and for males, PC-1 explained 71.6% and PC-2 explained 11.2% of the variance in contaminant burden. For both sexes, PC-1 loaded highly for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, organochlorine pesticides and, to a lesser extent, mercury and lead. PC-2 loaded highly for cadmium for females, and cadmium and lead for males. After adjusting for covariates, the generalized linear model showed that PC-2 was significantly and negatively associated with BMI, body fat percent, and WC in males and females.

Conclusions

Our cross-sectional analysis indicates a negative association between cadmium with various obesity measures in both males and females. Null associations were found between PCBs and organochlorine pesticides and morphometry.

中文翻译：

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复合污染物混合物对加拿大魁北克北部克里族原住民成年人的潜在致肥胖作用

背景

肥胖发生率和患病率在加拿大各地的原住民社区中日益引起关注。除饮食和体育锻炼外，环境污染物被认为是肥胖相关疾病的潜在诱因。由于克里族原住民的各种持久性有机污染物（POPs）和有毒金属的暴露，因此重要的是检查这些社区中的肥胖与身体污染物负担之间的关系。

目的

为了确定所选的形态测量指标（体重指数[BMI]，腰围[WC]和体脂百分比）是否与10种持久性有机污染物和有毒金属的身体负担相关联。

方法

使用来自东部詹姆斯湾（Eeyou Istchee）Cree社区的Nituuchischaayihtitaau Aschii多社区环境与健康研究的数据，这项横断面研究检查了695名合格参与者的形态学和污染度量。对血浆中的10种POPs和有毒金属浓度进行了分层的主成分分析。使用BMI，WC，人体脂肪百分比和所得的污染物成分创建广义线性模型，并针对协变量（年龄，总脂质，吸烟和n-3脂肪酸）进行调整。

结果

男性和女性都提取了两个主要成分（PC； PC-1和PC-2）。对于女性，PC-1解释了73.3％，PC-2解释了10.5％，对于男性，PC-1解释了71.6％，PC-2解释了污染物负担变化的11.2％。对于男女而言，PC-1都富含多氯联苯（PCB）同类物，有机氯农药，以及较少量的汞和铅。PC-2的女性镉含量很高，而男性的镉和铅含量很高。校正协变量后，广义线性模型显示PC-2与男性和女性的BMI，体脂百分比和WC呈显着负相关。

结论

我们的横截面分析表明，男性和女性中镉与各种肥胖措施之间均呈负相关。在多氯联苯与有机氯农药和形态计量学之间发现零关联。