Abstract In this study, reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) with a porous structure were synthesized through a facile sequential low-temperature treatment at 150 and 250 °C in air and nitrogen atmosphere, respectively, without toxic chemicals. For the first treatment under oxygen-rich conditions, competitive oxidation and reduction reactions between various kinds of oxygen functional groups were observed, leading to the formation of preferential pore-forming groups such as carboxyl. Weakly bound groups on the GO surface (such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups) were removed in the second step, leading to the formation of pores and improving electrical conductivity. The rGO suitable for use as an electrode material had a surface area of 636.6 m2/g and a capacitance of 191.3 F/g. Therefore, we believe that this mild treatment could be a potentially cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly strategy to synthesize electrode materials.

中文翻译：

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通过选择性去除和形成氧官能团衍生的多孔还原氧化石墨烯及其电化学电容

摘要 在这项研究中，通过在空气和氮气气氛中分别在 150 和 250 °C 下进行简单的连续低温处理，合成了具有多孔结构的还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO)，且不含有毒化学物质。对于富氧条件下的第一次处理，观察到各种氧官能团之间的竞争性氧化和还原反应，导致形成羧基等优先成孔基团。GO 表面的弱结合基团（如羟基和羧基）在第二步中被去除，导致孔的形成并提高导电性。适合用作电极材料的 rGO 具有 636.6 m2/g 的表面积和 191.3 F/g 的电容。所以，