Abstract

Two hundred and forty eight strains of heterotrophic microorganisms were isolated from bottom sediments of the Chukchi Sea. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used to classify representatives of 33 genera that belong to the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Phylogenetic analysis showed that at least eight bacterial groups displayed 97−98% similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequence and may be new taxa. Screening of the antimicrobial activity revealed 40 strains that are capable of inhibiting the growth of two or more indicator microorganisms. Active strains were represented by bacteria of the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Terribacillus, Virgibacillus (phylum Firmicutes), Streptomyces, Pseudonocardia, Nocardiopsis (Actinobacteria) and, to a lesser degree, by gram-negative bacteria Shewanella, Psychrobacter (class Gammaproteobacteria), Massilia (class Betaproteobacteria), and Arenibacter (phylum Bacteroidetes). Detection of gene fragments of polyketide synthase (PKS-1) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) by the PCR method using degenerate primers in 23 strains suggests that the studied bacteria can serve as a source of biologically active metabolites relating to polyketides and/or nonribosomal peptides.

中文翻译：

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楚科奇海底沉积物中分离的细菌的生物多样性和抗菌活性

摘要

从楚科奇海底部沉积物中分离出248种异养微生物。使用16S rRNA基因序列分析对33种属的代表进行了分类，这些属分别是菌门细菌，拟杆菌，硬毛和放线菌。系统发育分析表明，至少有八个细菌群体显示出16S rRNA基因序列的97-98％相似性，可能是新的分类单元。抗菌活性的筛选揭示了40株能够抑制两种或多种指示微生物生长的菌株。活性菌株通过下列属的细菌为代表芽孢杆菌，类芽孢杆菌，Terribacillus，Virgibacillus（门厚壁菌门），链霉菌属， 假诺卡氏菌，诺卡氏菌（Actinobacteria）和革兰氏阴性细菌希瓦氏菌（Shewanella），精神杆菌（Psychrobacter）（丙种杆菌属），马西利亚（Betaproteobacteria）和Arenibacter（拟杆菌属）在较小程度上。通过PCR方法使用简并引物在23个菌株中检测聚酮化合物合酶（PKS-1）和非核糖体肽合成酶（NRPS）的基因片段，表明所研究的细菌可以作为与聚酮化合物和/或非核糖体有关的生物活性代谢物的来源肽。