To better understand dietary requirements, trophic shifts, and trophic interactions of the threatened green turtle (Chelonia mydas), we conducted a comprehensive global review and literature tabulation (177 studies) reporting diets of individuals > 25 cm carapace length. We analysed those studies involving natural sites and healthy animals that reported relative proportions of all diet components (67 studies, 89 datasets at 75 sites, 13 geographic sub-regions, 3 oceans). We compared diets by sub-region and foraging site relative to four diet components, i.e., seagrass, macroalgae, terrestrial plants (including mangroves) and animal matter. To assess sea surface temperature (SST) as an environmental driver, values were extracted from satellite data (single year) and site-specific observations (study durations) and examined relative to diet composition. Satellite data indicated that at warmer sites with temperatures > 25 °C (≥ 6 months annually), diet was predominantly herbivorous (mean = 92.97%; SE = 9.85; n = 69 datasets). At higher latitude sites and in cold-water currents with SST < 20 °C (≥ 6 months annually), dietary animal matter featured prominently (mean = 51.47%; SE = 4.84; n = 20 datasets). Site-specific observations indicated that SST had a small but significant effect on contributions of animal matter (r2 = 0.17, P = < 0.001) and seagrass (r2 = 0.24, P = < 0.001) but not macroalgae and terrestrial plants. Our study presents the first quantitative evidence at a global scale that temperature may be an important driver of omnivory, providing a new perspective on variations in green turtle diet, especially in light of global warming and climate change.

中文翻译：

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绿海龟饮食的全球回顾：海面温度是杂食性水平的潜在驱动因素

为了更好地了解受威胁的绿海龟 (Chelonia mydas) 的饮食要求、营养变化和营养相互作用，我们进行了一项全面的全球审查​​和文献列表（177 项研究），报告了背甲长度 > 25 厘米的个体的饮食。我们分析了那些涉及自然地点和健康动物的研究，这些研究报告了所有饮食成分的相对比例（67 项研究，75 个地点的 89 个数据集，13 个地理子区域，3 个海洋）。我们按分区域和觅食地点比较了四种饮食成分的饮食，即海草、大型藻类、陆生植物（包括红树林）和动物物质。评估海面温度 (SST) 作为环境驱动因素，数值是从卫星数据（单年）和特定地点的观察（研究持续时间）中提取的，并相对于饮食成分进行检查。卫星数据表明，在温度 > 25 °C（每年≥ 6 个月）的较暖地区，饮食主要是食草性的（平均值 = 92.97%；SE = 9.85；n = 69 个数据集）。在高纬度地区和 SST < 20 °C（每年≥ 6 个月）的冷水流中，饮食动物物质具有显着特征（平均值 = 51.47%；SE = 4.84；n = 20 数据集）。特定地点的观察表明 SST 对动物物质 (r2 = 0.17, P = < 0.001) 和海草 (r2 = 0.24, P = < 0.001) 的贡献有很小但显着的影响，但对大型藻类和陆生植物没有影响。