To detect mesoscale analytes with a size of hundreds of nanometers, we propose a three-dimensional gold nanobowl as a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor. Electromagnetic simulations demonstrated that the structural advantage obtained from the concave shape of the nanobowl enabled to extention of the local plasmon fields and consequently detected mesoscale analytes. Because the gold nanobowl arrays were prepared by nanoimprint lithography and vacuum deposition, uniform gold nanobowls could be perfectly arranged on a wafer-scale substrate, which resulted in reliable and reproducible LSPR signals. In addition, experimental measurements of extinction spectra demonstrated a zeptomole-level detection for 200-nm-sized analytes with the proposed LSPR sensor. Our results highlight the potential of gold nanobowl arrays as a plasmonic sensing platform for mesoscale analytes, such as viruses and exosomes.

中文翻译：

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光刻制备的金纳米碗用于检测中尺度目标分析物

为了检测数百纳米大小的中尺度分析物，我们提出了一种三维金纳米碗作为局部表面等离子体共振 (LSPR) 传感器。电磁模拟表明，从纳米碗的凹面形状获得的结构优势能够扩展局部等离子体场，从而检测到中尺度分析物。由于金纳米碗阵列是通过纳米压印光刻和真空沉积制备的，均匀的金纳米碗可以完美地排列在晶圆级基板上，从而产生可靠且可重复的 LSPR 信号。此外，消光光谱的实验测量表明，使用所提出的 LSPR 传感器对 200 nm 大小的分析物进行了 zepmolole 级检测。