Particulate concentrations of the 14 Rare Earth Elements (PREE), yttrium, and 232-thorium were measured in 200 samples collected in the epipelagic (ca. 0–200 m) and mesopelagic (ca. 200–1500 m) zones of the North Atlantic during the GEOVIDE cruise (May/June 2014, R/V Pourquoi Pas?, GEOTRACES GA01), providing the most detailed snapshot of the PREE distribution in the North Atlantic so far. Concentrations of particulate cerium (PCe) varied between 0.2 and 16 pmol L⁻¹, while particulate neodymium (PNd) concentrations ranged between 0.1 and 6.1 pmol L⁻¹. Particulate ytterbium (PYb) concentrations ranged between 0.01 and 0.50 pmol L⁻¹. In addition, this study showed that PREE distributions were also controlled by the biological production in the upper sunlit ocean and by remineralization processes in the mesopelagic area. Low surface concentrations combined with normalized PREE patterns displaying a negative Ce anomaly and HREE enrichments pointed to freshly formed biogenic particles imprinting the seawater signature. A significant relationship between biogenic silica (BSi) and PHREE was also observed in the Labrador and Irminger seas, due to the occurrence of strong diatom blooms at the sampling time. In order to identify dissolved-particulate processes independent of the ionic radius, we used PHo∕PY ratios and showed that absorption processes were predominant in the upper ocean, while adsorption processes dominated at deeper depths. This study highlighted different lithogenic fractions of PREE and dispersion depending on the shelf: off the Iberian margin, up to 100 % of the PREE were determined to have a lithogenic origin. This lithogenic input spread westward along an intermediate nepheloid layer (INL), following isopycnals up to 1700 km away from the margin. In contrast, along the Greenland and Newfoundland margins, the circulation maintained lithogenic inputs of PREE along the coasts.

中文翻译：

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北大西洋的颗粒稀土元素行为（GEOVIDE巡航）

在北大西洋的上表层（约0-200 m）和中古地带（约200-1500 m）区域收集的200个样品中测量了14种稀土元素（PREE），钇和232 or的颗粒浓度。在GEOVIDE航行期间（2014年5月/ 6月，R / V Pourquoi Pas？，GEOTRACES GA01），提供了迄今为止北大西洋PREE分布的最详细快照。铈颗粒（PCe）的浓度在0.2至16 pmol L ^-1之间变化，而钕（PNd）颗粒的浓度在0.1至6.1 pmol L ^{-1之间变化}。微粒（PYb）的浓度范围为0.01至0.50 pmol L ^-1。此外，这项研究表明，PREE分布还受日照上层海洋的生物生产和中中生地区的再矿化过程控制。低表面浓度与归一化的PREE模式相结合，显示出负的Ce异常，HREE富集表明，新形成的生物颗粒印有海水特征。在拉布拉多和艾明格海中，还观察到生物硅（BSi）与PHREE之间的显着关系，这是由于在采样时出现了强烈的硅藻水华。为了确定独立于离子半径的溶解颗粒过程，我们使用了PHo ∕ PY比率表明，吸收过程主要在上层海洋中，而吸收过程则在更深的深度中占主导地位。这项研究强调了PREE的不同成岩分数和分散度，这取决于架子：在伊比利亚边缘，高达100％的PREE被确定具有成岩作用。该岩性输入沿中间肾状星体层（INL）向西扩展，跟随等边距距边缘1700 km。相反，沿着格陵兰和纽芬兰的边缘，环流沿海岸保持了PREE的岩性输入。