ABSTRACT

Age-related deficits in prospective memory (PM) are well established, but it is not known whether PM is stable over time among older adults. In this study, 271 community-dwelling older adults underwent abaseline neuropsychological evaluation and up to three follow-up visits, approximately 2.4 years apart. Mixed effects linear longitudinal models revealed small, but significant linear declines and between-subjects variability in event-based PM performance. There were no changes in performance on measures of time-based PM, retrospective memory, or executive functions. Changes in event-based PM were not associated with age, retrospective memory, executive functions, or everyday functioning. Among older adults, event-based PM appears to be more susceptible to linear declines than does time-based PM, which future research might examine with regard to the possible underlying cognitive mechanisms of cue encoding, monitoring, detection, and retrieval processes.

 抽象的

与年龄相关的前瞻记忆 (PM) 缺陷已得到充分证实，但尚不清楚老年人的前瞻记忆 (PM) 是否随着时间的推移保持稳定。在这项研究中，271 名社区居住的老年人接受了基线神经心理学评估和最多 3 次随访，随访时间间隔约 2.4 年。混合效应线性纵向模型显示，基于事件的 PM 表现存在小幅但显着的线性下降和受试者之间的变异性。基于时间的 PM、回顾性记忆或执行功能的表现没有变化。基于事件的 PM 的变化与年龄、回顾性记忆、执行功能或日常功能无关。在老年人中，基于事件的 PM 似乎比基于时间的 PM 更容易受到线性下降的影响，未来的研究可能会检查线索编码、监控、检测和检索过程的潜在认知机制。