The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) disease has been accompanied by various gastrointestinal (GI) and renal manifestations in significant portion of infected patients. Beside studies on the respiratory complications of coronavirus infection, understanding the essential immunological processes underlying the different clinical manifestations of virus infection is crucial for the identification and development of effective therapies. In addition to the respiratory tract, the digestive and urinary systems are the major sources of virus transmission. Thus, knowledge about the invasion mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 in these systems and the immune system responses is important for implementing the infection prevention strategies. This article presents an overview of the gut and renal complications in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. We focus on how SARS‐CoV‐2 interacts with the immune system and the consequent contribution of immune system, gut, and renal dysfunctions in the development of disease.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2 感染患者的胃肠道和肾脏并发症：免疫系统的作用


最近的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 疾病在相当一部分感染患者中伴有各种胃肠道 (GI) 和肾脏表现。除了对冠状病毒感染的呼吸道并发症的研究之外，了解病毒感染不同临床表现背后的基本免疫过程对于识别和开发有效的治疗方法至关重要。除呼吸道外，消化系统和泌尿系统也是病毒传播的主要来源。因此，了解 SARS-CoV-2 在这些系统中的入侵机制和免疫系统反应对于实施感染预防策略非常重要。本文概述了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的肠道和肾脏并发症。我们重点关注 SARS-CoV-2 如何与免疫系统相互作用，以及免疫系统、肠道和肾功能障碍在疾病发展中的作用。