Gallium (Ga) and Ga-based liquid metal (LM) alloys offer low toxicity, excellent electrical and thermal conductivities, and fluidity at or near room temperature. Ga-based LM particles (LMPs) synthesized from these LMs exhibit both fluidic and metallic properties and are suitable for versatile functionalization in therapeutics. Functionalized Ga-based LMPs can be actuated using physical or chemical stimuli for drug delivery, cancer treatment, bioimaging, and biosensing. However, many of the fundamentals of their unique characteristics for therapeutics remain underexplored. We present the most recent advances in Ga-based LMPs in therapeutics based on the underlying mechanisms of their design and implementation. We also highlight some future biotechnological opportunities for Ga-based LMPs based on their extraordinary advantages.

镓 (Ga) 和基于 Ga 的液态金属 (LM) 合金具有低毒性、出色的导电性和导热性以及在室温或接近室温下的流动性。由这些 LMs 合成的 Ga 基 LM 粒子 (LMPs) 表现出流体和金属特性，适用于治疗中的多功能功能化。功能化的基于 Ga 的 LMP 可以使用物理或化学刺激来驱动，用于药物输送、癌症治疗、生物成像和生物传感。然而，它们独特的治疗特性的许多基本原理仍未得到充分探索。我们根据其设计和实施的潜在机制介绍了基于 Ga 的 LMP 在治疗中的最新进展。基于 Ga 基 LMP 的非凡优势，我们还强调了它们未来的一些生物技术机会。