Abstract Wind tower is a traditional zero-energy natural ventilation device, which is capable of reducing building energy consumption and improving indoor environment. Many studies were conducted for its performance evaluation and design optimization, but most of them are more like underground applications. This paper aims to integrate the wind tower with single-sided natural ventilated house to arrange more desirable indoor air distribution. The ventilation behavior of the wind tower in a low-rise house was firstly compared with a common underground application. Then, effects of combining with different window configurations were investigated. CFD simulations were conducted using well validated numerical models. The results show that local wind environment must be well reproduced to accurately predict indoor airflow. Under the same incoming wind speed, the ventilation effectiveness of the wind tower in the low-rise house is 15%–40% lower than the underground application due to the effect of the separating flow above the roof. Optimizing the roof structure and slope to change the local flow field may improve the ventilation capability of the wind tower. When combining wind tower with different window configurations, setting a window on the windward wall is a more promising solution to improve cross-ventilation, since that the wind tower is in the negative pressure region above the roof. When the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor, the exhaust wind tower will perform better due to the stack effect. The findings can provide practical implications for the performance evaluation and application of wind tower in contemporary house design.

中文翻译：

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风塔自然通风数值研究：低层住宅不同窗型组合的影响

摘要 风塔是一种传统的零能耗自然通风装置，能够降低建筑能耗，改善室内环境。对其性能评估和设计优化进行了许多研究，但大多数研究更像是地下应用。本文旨在将风塔与单面自然通风房屋相结合，以安排更理想的室内空气分布。首先将低层住宅风塔的通风性能与普通地下应用进行了比较。然后，研究了结合不同窗口配置的效果。CFD 模拟是使用经过充分验证的数值模型进行的。结果表明，必须很好地再现局部风环境才能准确预测室内气流。在相同的来风风速下，由于屋顶上方分离流的影响，低层房屋风塔的通风效率比地下应用低15%~40%。优化屋顶结构和坡度以改变局部流场可以提高风塔的通风能力。当风塔与不同的窗户配置相结合时，在迎风墙上开窗是一种更有希望改善对流通风的解决方案，因为风塔位于屋顶上方的负压区域。当室内温度高于室外温度时，排风塔会因烟囱效应而表现更好。研究结果可为风塔在当代住宅设计中的性能评估和应用提供实际启示。由于屋顶上方分离流的影响，低层房屋风塔的通风效率比地下应用低15%–40%。优化屋顶结构和坡度以改变局部流场可以提高风塔的通风能力。当风塔与不同的窗户配置相结合时，在迎风墙上开窗是一种更有希望改善对流通风的解决方案，因为风塔位于屋顶上方的负压区域。当室内温度高于室外温度时，排风塔会因烟囱效应而表现更好。研究结果可为风塔在当代住宅设计中的性能评估和应用提供实际启示。由于屋顶上方分离流的影响，低层房屋风塔的通风效率比地下应用低15%–40%。优化屋顶结构和坡度以改变局部流场可以提高风塔的通风能力。当风塔与不同的窗户配置相结合时，在迎风墙上开窗是一种更有希望改善对流通风的解决方案，因为风塔位于屋顶上方的负压区域。当室内温度高于室外温度时，排风塔会因烟囱效应而表现更好。研究结果可为风塔在当代住宅设计中的性能评估和应用提供实际启示。