Hydroxyapatite (HAp)-modified glassy carbon (HAp/GC) electrode was prepared through a two-step chemical reaction process: Hydrogenphosphate, firstly formed by electrodeposition at constant potential, was converted into HAp film via an acid-base reaction in the second step. The electrochemical behavior and potential of electroanalytical determination of cysteine using the HAp/GC electrode were studied using cyclic voltammetry and square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The HAp/GC electrode exhibited great performance in determination of cysteine, owing to the high absorbability of HAp and electroanalytical properties of GC. Properties, such as absorbability of the optimized HAp film, were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Surface investigation confirmed that transport pathway has complex behavior. The presence of HAp film on the GC surface, as well as the presence of a CySH on the HAp film, is also confirmed and EIS results are in the agreement with FTIR results and indicate that CySH was adsorbed onto inner surface of the pores of HAp film, resulting in a change in impedance response. Both optimized procedure and analytical applicability of HAp/GC electrode were demonstrated by direct electrooxidation of cysteine. A linear response between 0.5 and 10 μmol dm⁻³ with estimated detection limit of 0.03 μmol dm⁻³ was obtained. A powerful electroanalytical tool was designed by simple modification of the GC electrode with biofunctional material.

通过两步化学反应过程制备羟基磷灰石（HAp）修饰的玻碳（HAp / GC）电极：首先在恒定电势下通过电沉积形成的磷酸氢盐在第二步中通过酸碱反应转化为HAp膜。利用循环伏安法和方波阳极溶出伏安法研究了使用HAp / GC电极对半胱氨酸的电化学行为和电分析电位。由于HAp的高吸收性和GC的电分析特性，HAp / GC电极在测定半胱氨酸方面表现出出色的性能。性能，例如优化的HAp膜的吸收能力，通过电化学阻抗谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱以及具有能量色散光谱分析的扫描电子显微镜进行了研究。表面调查证实，运输途径具有复杂的行为。还确认了GC表面上存在HAp膜以及HAp膜上存在CySH，EIS结果与FTIR结果一致，表明CySH被吸附到HAp孔的内表面上膜，导致阻抗响应发生变化。半胱氨酸的直接电氧化证明了HAp / GC电极的优化程序和分析适用性。0.5至10μmoldm之间的线性响应 以及在HAp膜上存在CySH的情况也得到了证实，EIS结果与FTIR结果一致，表明CySH吸附在HAp膜孔的内表面上，导致阻抗响应发生变化。半胱氨酸的直接电氧化证明了HAp / GC电极的优化程序和分析适用性。0.5至10μmoldm之间的线性响应 以及在HAp膜上存在CySH的情况也得到了证实，EIS结果与FTIR结果一致，表明CySH吸附在HAp膜孔的内表面上，导致阻抗响应发生变化。半胱氨酸的直接电氧化证明了HAp / GC电极的优化程序和分析适用性。0.5至10μmoldm之间的线性响应^获得具有估计的检测极限为0.03μmoldm ^-3的-3。通过使用生物功能材料对GC电极进行简单的修改，设计了一种功能强大的电分析工具。