Photonic materials designed at wavelength scales have enabled a range of emerging energy technologies, from solid-state lighting to efficient photovoltaics that have transformed global energy landscapes. Daytime passive radiative cooling materials shed heat from the ground to the cold universe by taking advantage of the terrestrial thermal radiation that is as large as the renewable solar energy. Newly developed photonic materials permit subambient cooling under direct sunshine, and their applications are expanding rapidly enabled by scalable manufacturing. We review here the recent advancement of daytime subambient radiative cooling materials, which allow energy-efficient cooling and are paving the way toward technologies that harvest the coldness from the universe as a new renewable energy source.

中文翻译：

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陆地辐射冷却：利用寒冷的宇宙作为可再生和可持续的能源

在波长尺度上设计的光子材料使一系列新兴能源技术成为可能，从固态照明到改变全球能源格局的高效光伏。白天被动辐射冷却材料利用与可再生太阳能一样大的陆地热辐射，将热量从地面散发到寒冷的宇宙。新开发的光子材料允许在阳光直射下进行低温冷却，并且通过可扩展的制造，它们的应用正在迅速扩大。我们在此回顾了日间低温辐射冷却材料的最新进展，这些材料可实现节能冷却，并为从宇宙中收集寒冷作为一种新的可再生能源的技术铺平了道路。