Abstract: Dental plaque is one type of biofouling on the tooth surface that consists of a diverse population of microorganisms and extracellular matrix and causes oral diseases and even systematic diseases. Numerous studies have focused on preventing bacteria and proteins on tooth surfaces, especially with anti-biofouling coatings. Anti-biofouling coatings can be stable and sustainable over the long term on the tooth surface in the complex oral environment. In this review, numerous anti-biofouling coatings on the tooth surface and hydroxyapatite (as the main component of dental hard tissue) were summarized based on their mechanisms, which include three major strategies: antiprotein and antibacterial adhesion through chemical modification, contact killing through the modification of antimicrobial agents, and antibacterial agent release. The first strategy of coatings can resist the adsorption of proteins and bacteria. However, these coatings use passive strategies and cannot kill bacteria. The second strategy can interact with the cell membrane of bacteria to cause bacterial death. Due to the possibility of delivering a high antibacterial agent concentration locally, the third strategy is recommended and will be the trend of local drug use in dentistry in the future.

Keywords: anti-biofouling coating, antibacterial agent, hydroxyapatite, tooth surface, binding


中文翻译：

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牙齿表面的抗生物污垢涂层和羟基磷灰石


摘要：牙菌斑是牙齿表面生物污垢的一种，由多种微生物和细胞外基质组成，可引起口腔疾病甚至系统性疾病。许多研究都集中在防止牙齿表面的细菌和蛋白质，特别是抗生物污垢涂层。在复杂的口腔环境中，抗生物污垢涂层可以在牙齿表面长期稳定且可持续。本文根据其机理对牙齿表面的众多抗生物污涂层和羟基磷灰石（牙齿硬组织的主要成分）进行了总结，主要包括三大策略：通过化学修饰实现抗蛋白和抗菌粘附，通过化学修饰实现接触杀灭。抗菌剂的修饰和抗菌剂的释放。涂层的第一个策略是可以抵抗蛋白质和细菌的吸附。然而，这些涂层采用被动策略，不能杀死细菌。第二种策略可以与细菌的细胞膜相互作用，导致细菌死亡。由于可以在局部输送高浓度的抗菌剂，因此推荐第三种策略，这将是未来牙科局部用药的趋势。


关键词:抗生物污垢涂层, 抗菌剂, 羟基磷灰石, 牙齿表面, 结合力