Background: Severe asthma represents a significant challenge for children and adolescents. At the same time, it often places a burden on patients, caregivers, and society, mainly related to morbidity, mortality, and health care resources. In children and adolescents, severe asthma is mostly characterized by type 2 inflammation, which leads to bronchial eosinophilia that may be suppressed by corticosteroids. However, in this age group, a high dosage of inhaled corticosteroids combined with systemic corticosteroids sometimes results in unacceptable side effects, such as reduced growth velocity and reduced bone mineral density. Therefore, there is increasing and enthusiastic interest in today's biologics, including omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, and dupilumab. There is growing evidence that they may be effective and safe add-on options for children and adolescents.

中文翻译：

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治疗儿童和青少年严重哮喘的生物制剂：实用更新

背景：严重哮喘对儿童和青少年来说是一项重大挑战。同时，它往往给患者、护理人员和社会带来负担，主要与发病率、死亡率和医疗资源有关。在儿童和青少年中，重度哮喘的主要特征是 2 型炎症，这会导致可能被皮质类固醇抑制的支气管嗜酸性粒细胞增多。然而，在这个年龄组中，高剂量的吸入皮质类固醇与全身性皮质类固醇联合使用有时会导致不可接受的副作用，例如生长速度降低和骨矿物质密度降低。因此，人们对当今的生物制剂越来越感兴趣，包括奥马珠单抗、美泊利珠单抗、瑞利珠单抗、贝那利珠单抗和杜匹鲁单抗。