From the 1918 influenza pandemic (H1N1) until the recent 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, no efficient diagnostic tools have been developed for sensitive identification of viral pathogens. Rigorous, early, and accurate detection of viral pathogens is not only linked to preventing transmission but also to timely treatment and monitoring of drug resistance. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the gold standard method for microbiology and virology testing, suffers from both false-negative and false-positive results arising from the detection limit, contamination of samples/templates, exponential DNA amplification, and variation of viral ribonucleic acid sequences within a single individual during the course of the infection. Rapid, sensitive, and label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 can provide a first line of defense against the current pandemic. A promising technique is non-linear coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy, which has the ability to capture rich spatiotemporal structural and functional information at a high acquisition speed in a label-free manner from a biological system. Raman scattering is a process in which the distinctive spectral signatures associated with light-sample interaction provide information on the chemical composition of the sample. In this prospective, we briefly discuss the development and future prospects of CARS for real-time multiplexed label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 pathogens.

中文翻译：

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使用相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射显微镜快速无标记检测 COVID-19

从 1918 年流感大流行 (H1N1) 到最近的 2019 年严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 大流行，尚未开发出用于敏感识别病毒病原体的有效诊断工具。严格、早期和准确地检测病毒病原体不仅与预防传播有关，而且与及时治疗和监测耐药性有关。逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 是微生物学和病毒学检测的金标准方法，由于检测限、样品/模板污染、指数 DNA 扩增和感染过程中单个个体内病毒核糖核酸序列的变异。快速、灵敏、SARS-CoV-2 的无标记检测可以提供抵御当前大流行的第一道防线。一种很有前途的技术是非线性相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射 (CARS) 显微镜，它能够以高采集速度以无标记的方式从生物系统中捕获丰富的时空结构和功能信息。拉曼散射是一个过程，其中与光-样品相互作用相关的独特光谱特征提供有关样品化学成分的信息。在这个前景中，我们简要讨论了用于实时多重无标记检测 SARS-CoV-2 病原体的 CARS 的发展和未来前景。它能够以高采集速度以无标记的方式从生物系统中捕获丰富的时空结构和功能信息。拉曼散射是一个过程，其中与光-样品相互作用相关的独特光谱特征提供有关样品化学成分的信息。在这个前景中，我们简要讨论了用于实时多重无标记检测 SARS-CoV-2 病原体的 CARS 的发展和未来前景。它能够以高采集速度以无标记的方式从生物系统中捕获丰富的时空结构和功能信息。拉曼散射是一个过程，其中与光-样品相互作用相关的独特光谱特征提供有关样品化学成分的信息。在这个前景中，我们简要讨论了用于实时多重无标记检测 SARS-CoV-2 病原体的 CARS 的发展和未来前景。