Ecological processes and intra-specific genetic diversity reciprocally affect each other. While the importance of uniting ecological variables and genetic variation to understand species’ plasticity, adaptation, and evolution is increasingly recognized, only few studies have attempted to address the intersection of population ecology and genetics using marine macrophyte as models. Representative empirical case studies on genetic diversity are reviewed that explore ecological and evolutionary processes in marine macrophytes. These include studies on environment-induced phenotypic plasticity and associated ecological adaptation; population genetic variation and structuring driven by ecological variation; and ecological consequences mediated by intraspecific and interspecific diversity. Knowledge gaps are also discussed that impede the connection of ecology and genetics in macrophytes and possible approaches to address these issues. Finally, an eco-evolutionary perspective is advocated, by incorporating structural-to-functional genomics and life cycle complexity, to increase the understanding of the adaptation and evolution of macrophytes in response to environmental heterogeneity.

中文翻译：

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将生态学与遗传学联系起来以更好地理解适应和进化：海洋大型植物综述

生态过程和种内遗传多样性相互影响。虽然将生态变量和遗传变异结合起来以了解物种的可塑性、适应性和进化的重要性日益得到认可，但只有少数研究尝试使用海洋大型植物作为模型来解决种群生态学和遗传学的交叉问题。回顾了有关遗传多样性的代表性实证案例研究，以探索海洋大型植物的生态和进化过程。其中包括对环境诱导的表型可塑性和相关生态适应的研究；生态变异驱动的种群遗传变异和结构；种内和种间多样性介导的生态后果。还讨论了阻碍大型植物生态学和遗传学联系的知识差距以及解决这些问题的可能方法。最后，通过结合结构到功能的基因组学和生命周期的复杂性，提倡生态进化的观点，以增加对大型植物响应环境异质性的适应和进化的理解。