Transmission of genetic material through high‐quality gametes to progeny requires accurate homologous chromosome recombination and segregation during meiosis. A failure to accomplish these processes can have major consequences in reproductive health, including infertility, and development disorders in offspring. Sirtuins, a family of NAD⁺‐dependent protein deacetylases and ADP‐ribosyltransferases, play key roles in genome maintenance, metabolism, and aging. In recent years, Sirtuins have emerged as regulators of several reproductive processes and interventions aiming to target Sirtuin activity are of great interest in the reproductive biology field. Sirtuins are pivotal to protect germ cells against oxidative stress, a major determinant influencing ovarian aging and the quality of gametes. Sirtuins also safeguard the integrity of the genome through epigenetic programs required for regulating gene repression, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation, among others. Although these functions are relatively well characterized in many somatic tissues, how they contribute to reproductive functions is not well understood. This review summarizes our current knowledge on the role of Sirtuins in female reproductive systems and discusses the underlying molecular pathways. In addition, we highlight the importance of Sirtuins as antiaging factors in the ovary and summarize current preclinical efforts to identify treatments to extend female reproductive longevity.

中文翻译：

---

Sirtuins 在女性减数分裂和生殖寿命中的作用


通过高质量配子将遗传物质传递给后代需要在减数分裂过程中进行准确的同源染色体重组和分离。如果未能完成这些过程，可能会对生殖健康产生重大影响，包括不孕和后代发育障碍。 Sirtuins 是 NAD ⁺依赖性蛋白脱乙酰酶和 ADP-核糖基转移酶家族，在基因组维护、代谢和衰老中发挥着关键作用。近年来，Sirtuins 已成为多种生殖过程的调节剂，针对 Sirtuins 活性的干预措施在生殖生物学领域引起了极大的兴趣。 Sirtuins 对于保护生殖细胞免受氧化应激至关重要，氧化应激是影响卵巢衰老和配子质量的主要决定因素。 Sirtuins 还通过调节基因抑制、DNA 修复和染色体分离等所需的表观遗传程序来保护基因组的完整性。尽管这些功能在许多体细胞组织中得到了相对较好的表征，但它们如何促进生殖功能尚不清楚。这篇综述总结了我们目前关于 Sirtuins 在女性生殖系统中的作用的知识，并讨论了潜在的分子途径。此外，我们强调了 Sirtuins 作为卵巢抗衰老因子的重要性，并总结了当前临床前的努力，以确定延长女性生殖寿命的治疗方法。