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A Recent Tear in Subducting Plate Explains Seismicity and Upper Mantle Structure of Southern Costa Rica
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 , DOI: 10.1029/2020gc009300
J. Bourke 1 , V. Levin 1 , L. Linkimer 2 , I. Arroyo 2
Affiliation  

Past studies of southern Costa Rica have generated a multitude of tectonic scenarios to account for different data sets. Flat slabs, detached slabs, and slab windows have been proposed to address the uplift of the Cordillera de Talamanca (CT), cessation of volcanism, and absence of deep seismicity beneath southern Costa Rica. In this study, we investigate the crust and the upper mantle along the southwest flank of the CT using the receiver function methodology. We observe two regional positive P‐to‐S converted pulses at delay times of ∼2–4 s and ∼5–8 s. The first likely represents a gradational crust‐mantle boundary of the upper plate. The second represents a similar impedance increase ∼50–60 km deep that extends from central Costa Rica to Panama. Compared to well‐located seismicity, this boundary is offset to the NE from the Cocos plate Benioff zone beneath northern CT, and remains observable through a gap in seismicity farther to the southeast. This offset makes it difficult to interpret this feature as related to the presently subducting lithosphere. Instead, we propose that the 50–60 km deep boundary marks the Moho of a lithospheric fragment left behind under the CT in the course of Panama Triple Junction migration through Costa Rica over the last 10 Ma. Our interpretation accounts for the geophysical, geochemical, structural, and geomorphic observations in the literature explaining the complex geodynamic scenario observed in southern Costa Rica.

中文翻译:

俯冲板块的近期破裂解释了哥斯达黎加南部的地震和上地幔结构

过去对哥斯达黎加南部的研究已经产生了许多构造情景,以说明不同的数据集。为了解决科迪勒拉·塔拉曼卡山脉(CT)的隆起,火山活动的停止以及哥斯达黎加南部地区缺乏深地震力的问题,人们提出了平板,独立式平板和平板窗户的建议。在这项研究中,我们使用接收器函数方法研究了CT西南侧面的地壳和上地幔。我们观察到两个区域正向P到S的正向转换脉冲,其延迟时间分别为2-4秒和5-8秒。第一个可能代表上板块的渐变地幔边界。第二个代表从哥斯达黎加中部一直延伸到巴拿马的约50-60 km深的类似阻抗增加。与地理位置优越的地震活动相比,该边界从北部CT下方的Cocos板块贝尼奥夫带偏移到NE,并且可以通过更东南的地震活动间隙观察到。该偏移使得很难将这一特征解释为与目前俯冲的岩石圈有关。取而代之的是,我们建议,在巴拿马三结交界处通过哥斯达黎加过去10 Ma的迁移过程中,深50-60 km的边界标志着CT下留下的岩石圈碎片的莫霍面。我们的解释解释了文献中的地球物理,地球化学,结构和地貌观测资料,解释了在哥斯达黎加南部观测到的复杂地球动力学情景。该偏移使得很难将这一特征解释为与目前俯冲的岩石圈有关。取而代之的是,我们建议,在巴拿马三结交界处通过哥斯达黎加过去10 Ma的迁移过程中,深50-60 km的边界标志着CT下留下的岩石圈碎片的莫霍面。我们的解释解释了文献中的地球物理,地球化学,结构和地貌观测资料,解释了在哥斯达黎加南部观测到的复杂地球动力学情景。该偏移使得很难将这一特征解释为与目前俯冲的岩石圈有关。取而代之的是,我们建议,在巴拿马三结交界处通过哥斯达黎加过去10 Ma的迁移过程中,深50-60 km的边界标志着CT下留下的岩石圈碎片的莫霍面。我们的解释解释了文献中的地球物理,地球化学,结构和地貌观测资料,解释了在哥斯达黎加南部观测到的复杂地球动力学情景。
更新日期:2020-12-10
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