Background

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease in children and adults. Little is known regarding the association of childhood AD with cognitive dysfunction.

Objective

To evaluate the association of AD and cognitive dysfunction, including memory impairment, developmental delays and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder in US children (age <18 years).

Methods

Data was analyzed from the National Health Interview Survey 2008 to 2018, which used a multistage, clustered, cross-sectional design.

Results

The prevalences of cognitive dysfunction, such as memory impairment (0.87% vs 0.42%), developmental delays (6.96% vs 3.87%), and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (10.78% vs 8.10%), were higher in children with vs without AD. In multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, race, region, socioeconomic factors, allergic conditions, and mental health, childhood AD was associated with higher odds of memory impairment (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.84 [1.34-2.51]), developmental delays (1.54 [1.40-1.70]), and attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (1.31 [1.20-1.42]) compared with children without AD. Childhood atopic disease (defined as comorbid AD, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies) further increased the prevalence of developmental delays to 13.44% (2.10 [1.20-3.70]) in boys but not in girls.

Conclusion

In a nationally representative sample of the US population, a statistically significant and positive association between childhood AD and atopic disease with cognitive dysfunction was identified (P < .001). Furthermore, a dimorphic relationship with developmental delays was identified between sexes.

中文翻译：

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儿童特应性皮炎与认知功能障碍有关

背景

特应性皮炎 (AD) 是儿童和成人常见的炎症性皮肤病。关于儿童 AD 与认知功能障碍的关联知之甚少。

客观的

评估 AD 与认知功能障碍的关联，包括美国儿童（<18 岁）的记忆障碍、发育迟缓和注意力缺陷（多动）障碍。

方法

数据分析来自 2008 年至 2018 年的全国健康访谈调查，该调查使用多阶段、聚类、横断面设计。

结果

认知功能障碍的患病率，如记忆障碍（0.87% 对 0.42%）、发育迟缓（6.96% 对 3.87%）和注意力缺陷（多动）障碍（10.78% 对 8.10%），在患有与未患疾病的儿童中更高广告。在调整年龄、性别、种族、地区、社会经济因素、过敏状况和心理健康的多变量逻辑回归模型中，儿童期 AD 与较高的记忆障碍几率相关（调整后的优势比 [95% 置信区间]：1.84 [1.34- 2.51])、发育迟缓 (1.54 [1.40-1.70]) 和注意力缺陷（多动）障碍 (1.31 [1.20-1.42]) 与没有 AD 的儿童相比。儿童特应性疾病（定义为合并症 AD、哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和食物过敏）使发育迟缓的患病率进一步增加至 13.44% (2.10 [1.20-3.

结论

在美国人口的全国代表性样本中，确定了儿童 AD 和特应性疾病与认知功能障碍之间存在统计学上显着的正相关 ( P < .001)。此外，在性别之间确定了与发育迟缓的二态关系。