Abstract Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique was used to characterize the influence of pore size and ion size and, solvation effect on the formation of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). Based on quantitative calculation and analysis, the apparent molecular mass (Msx) was calculated from the slope of the electrode mass change (Δm) vs. the charge (ΔQ) passed in the electrode during charging/discharge. Comparing Msx with the molar mass of bare ion, the value of specific solvation number(x)was deduced. Findings indicate that the formation of double layers at electrode interface by ionic absorption was accompanied by solvation effect. The solvation effect was weakened as the pore size of the electrode decreased, concluding that the pore size effect exist concurrently with solvation effect during ionic adsorption. The pore size effect was influenced by the size of the counter-ions, polarity of solvent molecules and ionic concentrations.

中文翻译：

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双电层形成过程中离子溶剂化孔径效应的原位分析

摘要 采用电化学石英晶体微量天平（EQCM）技术表征孔径和离子尺寸的影响以及溶剂化作用对双电层电容器（EDLCs）形成的影响。在定量计算和分析的基础上，表观分子量 (Msx) 由电极质量变化 (Δm) 与充放电过程中通过电极的电荷 (ΔQ) 的斜率计算得出。将Msx 与裸离子的摩尔质量进行比较，推导出特定溶剂化数(x) 的值。研究结果表明，通过离子吸收在电极界面形成双层伴随着溶剂化效应。溶剂化效应随着电极孔径的减小而减弱，结论是在离子吸附过程中孔径效应与溶剂化效应同时存在。