In this work supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO₂) extraction was explored to recover bioactive lipids from canned sardine residues, with special focus on triglycerides. Aiming at enhancing the recovery of the target molecules, different extraction conditions were applied, including operating pressure (300–650 bar), temperature (35–80 °C) and CO₂ flow rate (5–25 g/min). The performance of sc-CO₂ extractions was compared with a conventional Bligh and Dyer extraction, and the resulting samples were characterized in terms of global yield and fatty acid profile. To evaluate their potential application as bioactive ingredients, extracts were screened for cytotoxicity, oxidative damage, and antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities in human intestinal cells (Caco-2 and HT-29). Our results showed that sc-CO₂ extraction was able to produce extracts with antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties, which can be potentially used as ingredients in different industrial health-related applications, namely dietary/nutritional supplements, or pharmaceutical products.

在这项工作中，探索了超临界二氧化碳（sc-CO ₂）提取来从罐装沙丁鱼残渣中回收生物活性脂质，特别关注甘油三酸酯。为了提高目标分子的回收率，采用了不同的提取条件，包括工作压力（300–650 bar），温度（35–80°C）和CO ₂流量（5–25 g / min）。sc-CO ₂的性能将提取物与常规的Bligh和Dyer提取物进行比较，并根据总产量和脂肪酸谱对所得样品进行了表征。为了评估其作为生物活性成分的潜在用途，对提取物进行了筛选，以了解其在人肠细胞（Caco-2和HT-29）中的细胞毒性，氧化损伤以及抗增殖和抗炎活性。我们的结果表明，sc-CO ₂提取能够产生具有抗增殖和抗炎特性的提取物，这些提取物可以潜在地用作不同工业健康相关应用（例如饮食/营养补品或药品）中的成分。