Calorie restriction mimetics encompass a growing research field directed toward developing treatments that mimic the anti-aging effects of long-term calorie restriction without requiring a change in eating habits. A wide range of approaches have been identified that include (1) intestinal inhibitors of fat and carbohydrate metabolism; (2) inhibitors of intracellular glycolysis; (3) stimulators of the AMPK pathway; (4) sirtuin activators; (5) inhibitors of the mTOR pathway, and (6) polyamines. Several biotech companies have been formed to pursue several of these strategies. The objective of this review is to describe the approaches directed toward glycolytic inhibition. This upstream strategy is considered an effective means to invoke a wide range of anti-aging mechanisms induced by CR. Anti-cancer and anti-obesity effects are important considerations in early development efforts. Although many dozens of candidates could be discussed, the compounds selected to be reviewed are the following: 2-deoxyglucose, 3-bromopyruvate, chrysin, genistein, astragalin, resveratrol, glucosamine, mannoheptulose, and d-allulose. Some candidates have been investigated extensively with both positive and negative results, while others are only beginning to be studied.

卡路里限制模拟涵盖了一个不断发展的研究领域，旨在开发模仿长期卡路里限制的抗衰老效果而不需要改变饮食习惯的治疗方法。已经确定了多种方法，包括（1）脂肪和碳水化合物代谢的肠道抑制剂； (2)细胞内糖酵解抑制剂； (3) AMPK通路的刺激剂； (4)沉默调节蛋白激活剂； (5) mTOR 途径抑制剂，以及 (6) 多胺。一些生物技术公司已经成立，以实施其中的一些战略。本综述的目的是描述针对糖酵解抑制的方法。这种上游策略被认为是调用 CR 诱导的多种抗衰老机制的有效手段。抗癌和抗肥胖作用是早期开发工作中的重要考虑因素。尽管可以讨论数十种候选化合物，但选择进行审查的化合物如下：2-脱氧葡萄糖、3-溴丙酮酸、白杨素、染料木黄酮、黄芪甲苷、白藜芦醇、葡萄糖胺、甘露庚酮糖和d-阿洛酮糖。一些候选人已经接受了广泛的调查，得出了积极和消极的结果，而另一些候选人才刚刚开始研究。