• Layered integrated photoelectrodes for water splitting incorporating nanocarbon co-catalysts are systematically reviewed.

• The correlations between intrinsic structures, optimized configurations, and water splitting performances of layered integrated photoelectrodes are established and analyzed.

• Various synthetic strategies and assembling procedures are critically examined to enhance water splitting performance of layered integrated photoelectrodes.

• Current challenges and future directions for maximizing the efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting are outlined.

中文翻译：

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纳米碳增强的二维光电极：光电化学水分解的新范式

• 系统综述了用于水分解的层状集成光电极并入了纳米碳助催化剂。

• 建立并分析了层状集成光电极的内在结构、优化配置和水分解性能之间的相关性。

• 对各种合成策略和组装程序进行了严格检查，以提高分层集成光电极的水分解性能。

• 概述了最大化光电化学水分解效率的当前挑战和未来方向。