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Predatory ability of generalist predators on eggs, young nymphs and adults of the invasive Halyomorpha halys in southern Europe
BioControl ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s10526-020-10066-3
Giacomo Bulgarini , Zaid Badra , Stefano Leonardi , Lara Maistrello

Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) is an invasive pest causing serious damage to agricultural crops in Europe and the USA. Very little is known about H. halys predators in Europe. This survey evaluated the potential of generalist predators/omnivorous species by means of predation bioassays in tri-dimensional arenas, where the predator had to locate H. halys prey items on the leaves of a bean plant. Eleven species of different taxa were tested and the prey items consisted in fresh eggmasses, 1st and 2nd instar nymphs. One species was also tested against adults. Some predators were species commercially available as biocontrol agents against plant pests, other predators were wild, captured in habitats shared with H. halys. All tested specimens were starved 24 h before starting the experiment. The survivorship of control prey items in predator-excluding cages was compared to that of predator treatment groups to determine the effect of predator presence. According to the results, the generalist species showed a quite low acceptance of H. halys prey items, since only two species caused 80% mortality on at least one item (Eupholidoptera chabrieri and Rhynocoris iracundus) and mortality due the other species never exceed 60%. Among commercially available species only Adalia bipunctata adults and Chrysoperla carnea larvae were effective, predating the eggs and 1st instar nymphs, respectively. Among the field collected specimens, the orthopteran E. chabrieri and the predatory hemipterans R. iracundus, Nagusta goedelii and Himacerus mirmicoides showed efficacy against 1st instar nymphs, E. chabrieri and R. iracundus showed efficacy against 2nd instar nymphs, whereas only E. chabrieri and N. goedelii predated the eggs. R. iracundus was also tested on the adults and successfully predated them. By identifying some of the species that can exploit H. halys as a suitable prey in southern Europe, the present investigation provides an important contribution for conservation biological control of this pest.



中文翻译:

通才的捕食者对南部欧洲入侵性Halyomorpha halys的卵,幼虫和成虫的捕食能力

Halyomorpha halys(Stål,1855)是一种入侵性害虫,对欧洲和美国的农作物造成了严重破坏。在欧洲对H. halys捕食者知之甚少。这项调查通过在三维空间中进行捕食生物测定的方法,评估了通才捕食者/杂食物种的潜力,在那里捕食者必须在豆类植物的叶子上找到H. halys猎物。测试了11种不同的分类单元,猎物包括新鲜的卵,第一龄和第二龄若虫。还对一种物种进行了针对成虫的测试。一些捕食者是可作为对抗植物害虫的生物防治剂的市售物种,其他捕食者是野生的,捕获在与H. halys共享的栖息地中。在开始实验前24小时将所有测试的样品饿死。比较捕食者除外笼中对照猎物的存活率与捕食者治疗组的存活率,以确定捕食者存在的影响。根据结果​​,该通才物种对H. halys猎物的接受度很低,因为只有两个物种导致至少一个物种(Eupholidoptera chabrieriRhynocoris iracundus)的死亡率为80%,而其他物种的死亡率从未超过60% 。在市售物种中,只有Adalia bipunctata成年人和Chrysoperla carnea幼虫有效,分别早于卵和第一龄若虫。在田间采集的标本中,直翅目E. chabrieri和掠食性半翅目R. iracundusNagusta goedeliiHimacerus mirmicoides显示出对第一龄若虫的功效,E。chabrieriR. iracundus显示对二龄若虫的功效,而仅E. chabrieriN. goedelii早于鸡蛋。R. iracundus也接受了成年人的测试,并早于成年人。通过确定一些可以利用H. halys的物种 作为南部欧洲的合适猎物,本次调查为保护该害虫的生物防治提供了重要的帮助。

更新日期:2020-11-13
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