Background During recent years, there has been increasing interest in the study of eating disorders within sports practitioners, with prevalence being reported to be higher than in the general population. The aim of this study was to describe and predict eating disorders according to sex, body mass index, age and sport discipline within a sample of athletes. Methods A sample of 4037 cyclists and triathletes from across Spain was selected. Athletes self-reported demographic characteristics and completed the revised restraint scale, SCOFF questionnaire and Mediterranean diet adherence screener. To be eligible for inclusion, participants had to be over eighteen years old. Results Males were significantly less likely than females ( p < 0.001; OR = 0.33), and triathletes ( p < 0.01; OR = 0.76) were less likely than cyclists to suffer from an eating disorder. Possibility of suffering from an eating disorder increased with increasing body mass index ( p < 0.001; OR = 1.38) and decreasing age ( p < 0.001; OR = 0.97). Conclusion Findings suggest that the roles of sex, sport discipline, age and body mass index predict risk factors for eating disorders in a sample of Spanish athletes. Clinical diagnosis seems necessary to better understand the factors and mechanisms at play when Spanish athletes develop an eating disorder. Trial registration Ethics Committee of the University of Granada (N°883) data: 16/11/2015.

中文翻译：

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西班牙自行车手和铁人三项运动员样本中患饮食失调的可能性

背景 近年来，人们对运动从业者饮食失调的研究越来越感兴趣，据报道患病率高于一般人群。本研究的目的是根据运动员样本中的性别、体重指数、年龄和运动纪律来描述和预测饮食失调。方法 选择了来自西班牙各地的 4037 名自行车手和铁人三项运动员的样本。运动员自我报告人口统计学特征并完成修订后的约束量表、SCOFF 问卷和地中海饮食依从性筛选器。参加者必须年满 18 岁才有资格加入。结果男性明显低于女性 (p < 0.001; OR = 0.33) 和铁人三项运动员 (p < 0.01; OR = 0. 76) 比骑自行车的人患饮食失调的可能性更小。患饮食失调的可能性随着体重指数的增加 (p < 0.001; OR = 1.38) 和年龄的降低 (p < 0.001; OR = 0.97) 而增加。结论 结果表明，性别、运动纪律、年龄和体重指数的作用可预测西班牙运动员样本中饮食失调的风险因素。临床诊断似乎有必要更好地了解西班牙运动员出现饮食失调的因素和机制。格拉纳达大学试验注册伦理委员会 (N°883) 数据：16/11/2015。结论 研究结果表明，性别、运动纪律、年龄和体重指数的作用可预测西班牙运动员样本中饮食失调的风险因素。临床诊断似乎有必要更好地了解西班牙运动员出现饮食失调的因素和机制。格拉纳达大学试验注册伦理委员会 (N°883) 数据：16/11/2015。结论 结果表明，性别、运动纪律、年龄和体重指数的作用可预测西班牙运动员样本中饮食失调的风险因素。临床诊断似乎有必要更好地了解西班牙运动员出现饮食失调的因素和机制。格拉纳达大学试验注册伦理委员会 (N°883) 数据：16/11/2015。