Rural roads are a critical component of the transportation network in the U.S., including Michigan, where county roads comprise of a majority of the state’s roadway mileage. The rates of fatal crashes on rural highways are substantially higher than that on urban roads. Previous research has investigated the safety impacts of driveway density, but the effects of driveway land use on rural roadway safety performance, particularly for county roadways, remains under-researched. This study analyzed the safety impacts of various classifications of driveway land utilization on rural two-lane state and county roads. Non-animal segment crashes from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed along with roadway data for over 5,556 mi of state highways and 5,890 mi of paved county segments from across Michigan. To account for the unobserved heterogeneity associated with varied county design standards and site characteristics, mixed-effects negative binomial regression with county- and site-specific random effects was utilized. Separate models were developed for state highways and paved county roads. The results indicated that commercial driveways possess a stronger effect on crash occurrence than other driveway land use types, including residential and industrial driveways. The effect of driveway density on crash frequency was also found to be stronger on state highways compared with the county roads. This study contributes to the limited body of knowledge in relation to the relationship between traffic safety and driveway land use for rural roadway segments, particularly for county roads, which typically possess design and travel characteristics that are considerably different from those of state highways.

农村公路是美国交通网络的重要组成部分，其中包括密歇根州，县公路占该州公路里程的大部分。农村公路上的致命交通事故发生率大大高于城市公路上的交通事故。先前的研究已经调查了车道密度对安全性的影响，但是对车道土地使用对乡村道路安全性能（尤其是县道）的影响仍处于研究不足的状态。本研究分析了各种类型的车道土地利用对农村两车道国道和县道的安全影响。分析了2011年至2015年的非动物路段交通事故，以及密西根州全州超过5556英里的州道和5890英里的铺砌的县路段的道路数据。为了解决与各种县级设计标准和场地特征相关的未观察到的异质性，使用了混合效应负二项式回归与县级和场地特定的随机效应。分别为州道和县道铺设了模型。结果表明，商用车道比其他车道土地使用类型（包括住宅和工业车道）对撞车事故的影响更大。与县道相比，州道上的车道密度对撞车频率的影响也更大。这项研究导致有关农村道路网段，特别是县道的交通安全与车道土地使用之间的关系的知识有限，