The detection of the ionic products of low-rate fusion reactions, and in particular of the ¹¹B(p,α)2α, is one of the recognized main problems in experiments where these reactions are initiated by tailored interaction of intense and high-energy lasers with matter. A thorough description of this important issue, with a critical comparison of the diagnostic opportunities, is indeed so far. In this work, we describe the common diagnostic methodologies used for the detection of the alpha particles generated by the ¹¹B(p,α)2α reaction and, for each, we outline advantages and limitations, with considerations that can also be applied to other low-rate fusion reactions. We show here that, in general, the univocal characterization of the α products coming from this reaction can be achieved by the simultaneous use of several diagnostic tools placed in close proximity.

检测低速聚变反应的离子产物，尤其是¹¹ B（p，α）2α是实验中公认的主要问题之一，在这些实验中，这些反应是通过强激光和高能激光与物质的特定相互作用而引发的。到目前为止，确实已经对这个重要问题进行了详尽的描述，并对诊断机会进行了严格的比较。在这项工作中，我们描述了用于检测¹¹ B（p，α）2α反应，并针对每种反应概述了优点和局限性，并考虑了也可应用于其他低速聚变反应的因素。我们在这里表明，一般而言，可以通过同时使用几个紧邻的诊断工具来实现对来自此反应的α产物的明确表征。