Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic viral infection that has ravaged the world in recent times, and the associated morbidity and mortality have been much more pronounced in those with noncommunicable disease. Diabetes mellitus is one of commonest noncommunicable diseases associated with worsening clinical status in COVID-19 patients. Summary: The aim of this review was to evaluate the receptors and pathogenetic link between diabetes and COVID-19. Both disease conditions involve inflammation with the release of inflammatory markers. The roles of angiotensin-converting enzyme molecule and dipeptidyl peptidase were explored to show their involvement in COVID-19 and diabetes. Pathogenetic mechanisms such as impaired immunity, microangiopathy, and glycemic variability may explain the effect of diabetes on recovery of COVID-19 patients. The effect of glucocorticoids and catecholamines, invasion of the pancreatic islet cells, drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19, and the lockdown policy may impact negatively on glycemic control of diabetic patients. The outcome studies between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with COVID-19 were also reviewed. Some drug trials are still ongoing to determine the suitability or otherwise of some drugs used in diabetic patients with COVID-19, such as dapagliflozin trial and linagliptin trial.
Dubai Diabetes Endocrinol J

中文翻译：

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COVID-19和糖尿病：链接和临床意义

背景：冠状病毒疾病2019（COVID-19）是近来流行于世界的大流行性病毒感染，在非传染性疾病患者中，相关的发病率和死亡率更加明显。糖尿病是与COVID-19患者的临床状况恶化相关的最常见的非传染性疾病之一。概要：这篇综述的目的是评估糖尿病和COVID-19之间的受体和致病联系。两种疾病都涉及炎症并释放炎症标记。探索血管紧张素转换酶分子和二肽基肽酶的作用，以表明它们参与了COVID-19和糖尿病。诸如免疫力降低，微血管病变和血糖变异性等发病机制可能解释了糖尿病对COVID-19患者康复的影响。糖皮质激素和儿茶酚胺的作用，胰岛细胞的侵袭，用于治疗COVID-19的药物以及锁定策略可能对糖尿病患者的血糖控制产生负面影响。还回顾了糖尿病和非糖尿病患者COVID-19的结局研究。
迪拜糖尿病内分泌J