Unclear pathogenic mechanisms underlying the ocular tuberculosis (OTB) has resulted in perplexity related to the diagnosis and management of the disease. Developments in experimental research and innovations in molecular diagnostics have recently provided a new understanding of disease pathogenesis and natural history. The current review focuses on the new insights into OTB pathogenesis, derived from in vivo and in vitro studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination and localization into the eye, in combination with histopathological studies on chorioretinal tissue and vascular network. Advances in the knowledge of OTB have influenced disease management in the clinical setting and lead to reconsideration of the role of existing treatments and suggesting potential new therapeutic approaches.

中文翻译：

---

洞察眼结核的分子发病机制

眼结核 (OTB) 潜在的致病机制尚不清楚，导致与该疾病的诊断和管理相关的困惑。分子诊断的实验研究和创新的发展最近提供了对疾病发病机制和自然史的新理解。目前的综述侧重于对 OTB 发病机制的新见解，这些见解来源于对结核分枝杆菌传播和定位到眼内的体内和体外研究，以及对脉络膜视网膜组织和血管网络的组织病理学研究。OTB 知识的进步影响了临床环境中的疾病管理，并导致重新考虑现有治疗的作用并提出潜在的新治疗方法。