BACKGROUND Multiple Sclerosis is a multifactorial chronic autoimmune disease, affecting predominantly females in the fertile age. Sex hormones changes during a woman's life, from puberty to menopause, including pregnancy and puerperium, may influence the onset and course of Multiple Sclerosis. The effect of estrogen levels on immune, clinical and radiological aspects of Multiple Sclerosis, also stimulated investigation on the effect of sexual hormones therapies, such as oral contraceptives and assisted reproductive technique, on the Multiple Sclerosis course. SEARCH STRATEGY AND SELECTION CRITERIA A literature search for original articles and reviews was conducted in the databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov of the U.S. National Library of Medicine site from 1988 to 2020. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION This review reports the effects of the physiological and iatrogenic hormonal changes either on immune or clinical or paraclinical features in the different life stages of women affected by Multiple Sclerosis.

中文翻译：

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性激素在多发性硬化症女性中的作用：从青春期到辅助生殖技术

背景多发性硬化症是一种多因素慢性自身免疫性疾病，主要影响育龄女性。从青春期到更年期，包括怀孕和产褥期，女性一生中性激素的变化可能会影响多发性硬化症的发病和病程。雌激素水平对多发性硬化症免疫、临床和放射学方面的影响，也刺激了对性激素疗法（如口服避孕药和辅助生殖技术）对多发性硬化症病程影响的研究。搜索策略和选择标准 1988 年至 2020 年在美国国家医学图书馆网站的 PubMed、Scopus 和 ClinicalTrials.gov 等数据库中对原始文章和评论进行了文献搜索。