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Distractor-induced deafness: The effect of multiple auditory distractors on conscious target processing
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.10.015
Lea Kern 1 , Michael Niedeggen 1
Affiliation  

Conscious access to a target stimulus embedded in a rapid serial visual presentation can be impaired by the preceding presentation of multiple task-irrelevant distractors. While this phenomenon – labeled distractor-induced blindness (DIB) – is established in vision, it is unknown whether a similar effect can be observed in the auditory modality. Considering the differences in the processing of visual and auditory stimuli, modality-specific effects in the inhibitory mechanisms triggered by distractors can be expected. First, we aimed to find evidence for a distractor-induced deafness (DID) for auditory targets in a behavioral experiment. The target was defined by a transient increase in amplitude in a continuous sinusoidal tone, which was to be detected if accompanied or preceded by a deviant tone (cue). Both events were embedded in separate streams in a binaural rapid serial auditory presentation. Distractors preceded the cue and shared the target's features. As previously observed for DIB, a failure to detect the auditory target critically relied on the presentation of multiple distractor episodes. This DID effect was followed up in a subsequent event-related brain potentials (ERP) study to identify the signature of target detection. In contrast to missed targets, hits were characterized by a larger frontal negativity and by a more pronounced centro-parietal P3b wave. Whereas the latter process was also observed in the visual domain, indicating a post-perceptual updating process, the frontal negativity was exclusively observed for auditory DID. This modality-specific process might signal that early attentional control processes support conscious access to relevant auditory events.



中文翻译:

干扰物引起的耳聋:多个听觉干扰物对有意识的目标加工的影响

多个任务无关的干扰因素的先前呈现会削弱对快速串行视觉呈现中嵌入的目标刺激的自觉访问。虽然这种现象-被称为干扰物致盲(DIB)-已在视觉中确立,但未知是否可以在听觉模态中观察到类似的效果。考虑到视觉和听觉刺激的处理上的差异,可以预期干扰因素触发的抑制机制中的模态特异性作用。首先,我们旨在寻找行为实验中听觉目标引起的干扰性耳聋(DID)的证据。目标是通过连续正弦波音调的幅度瞬时增加来定义的,如果伴随或先于异常音调(提示),则将被检测到。这两个事件都以双耳快速连续听觉演示形式嵌入到单独的流中。干扰因素先于提示并共享目标的功能。如之前对于DIB所观察到的那样,无法检测到听觉目标的失败严重依赖于多个干扰物发作的表现。在随后的事件相关脑电势(ERP)研究中跟踪了这种DID效应,以识别靶标检测的特征。与未命中目标相反,命中的特征是正面负值更大,中心顶P3b波更明显。尽管在视觉域中也观察到了后一个过程,这表明了感知后的更新过程,但仅针对听觉DID观察到了额叶阴性。

更新日期:2020-12-03
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