Abstract The main aim of this study is to develop the highly permeable and fouling resistant polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ultrafiltration membranes consisting different amounts of natural and modified montmorillonites with folic acid (Mt-FA). Mt. was modified with folic acid to achieve the better dispersion in the PVC matrix. Mt-FA was confirmed by XRD, FTIR and TGA. The effect of the Mt. and Mt-FA on the membrane morphology, porosity, hydrophilicity, roughness, mechanical strength, pure water flux and antifouling property in humic acid removal were investigated. XRD patterns revealed the formation of exfoliated clay mineral layers in 0.5 and 1.0 wt% loading of Mt-FA and the intercalated structure for the upper concentration of Mt-FA and the PVC/Mt-0.5 membrane. All the nanocomposite membranes showed higher hydrophilicity and roughness than the neat PVC membrane. The results demonstrated that the pure water flux, porosity and mechanical strength of the membranes were enhanced with the addition of Mt-FA up to a loading of 1.5 wt%. The PVC/Mt-FA-1.0 membrane exhibited high flux recovery ratio (FRR) and humic acid rejection of 92% and 90%, respectively. This was due to the exfoliated structure, surface hydrophilicity and electrostatic repulsion between negative charge of Mt-FA and humic acid. In addition, the reusability of the optimum membrane was evaluated for the filtration of the surface water in five permeation-cleaning cycles and the results confirmed that the modified membrane with 1.0 wt% Mt-FA can offer the excellent FRR as well as the reversible fouling ratio (RFR) in the filtration process.

中文翻译：

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用叶酸改性蒙脱石提高PVC超滤膜的抗污染性

摘要 本研究的主要目的是开发由不同量的天然和改性蒙脱石和叶酸 (Mt-FA) 组成的高渗透性和抗污染聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 超滤膜。公吨。用叶酸改性以在 PVC 基质中实现更好的分散。Mt-FA 经 XRD、FTIR 和 TGA 证实。山的影响 研究了Mt-FA对膜形态、孔隙率、亲水性、粗糙度、机械强度、纯水通量和腐植酸去除防污性能的影响。XRD 图案揭示了在 0.5 和 1.0 wt% 的 Mt-FA 负载下形成剥落的粘土矿物层，以及较高浓度的 Mt-FA 和 PVC/Mt-0.5 膜的插层结构。所有纳米复合膜都显示出比纯 PVC 膜更高的亲水性和粗糙度。结果表明，随着 Mt-FA 的加入，膜的纯水通量、孔隙率和机械强度提高了 1.5%。PVC/Mt-FA-1.0 膜表现出高通量回收率 (FRR) 和腐植酸截留率分别为 92% 和 90%。这是由于 Mt-FA 和腐殖酸的负电荷之间的剥离结构、表面亲水性和静电排斥。此外，在五个渗透-清洁循环中评估了最佳膜对地表水过滤的可重复使用性，结果证实含有 1.0 wt% Mt-FA 的改性膜可提供优异的 FRR 和可逆污染过滤过程中的比率 (RFR)。