Background Ethiopia is gifted with abundant natural resources of adequate landmass, fertile soil, favorable climate, water, wildlife, and others. Many of its resources are not properly identified, well managed, and fully exploited. The concern of this review is collating the current state of knowledge about the status of land, water, forest, rangeland and wildlife resources, and hence, assesses their degradation tendencies. Results In Ethiopia, natural resources are under the influence of various interconnected factors like population pressure, agricultural expansion, migration, rapid urbanization, resettlement, climate change, and environmental pollution. Its huge population number had been putting a great burden on the sustainability of almost all types of natural resources. There is, therefore, serious degradation of land, water, forest, rangeland, and wildlife resources that appear to feed off each other. This results in severe soil loss, low vegetative cover, unsustainable farming practice, continuous use of dung and crop residues for fuel, overgrazing, and destruction and/or migration of wildlife, which again are intensifying the degradation of available resources in a vicious circle. The process ends with amplified environmental consequences such as water quality deterioration, biodiversity decline, and averts ecosystem services. It further recapitulates towards diverse socio-economic problems, political instability, marginalization, poverty, and recurrent natural hazards. The Ethiopian governments have taken several steps to address these problems like launching soil and water conservation campaign, tree planting programs, and others; success to date, however, has been limited. Conclusions Special attention has to be given to properly manage the natural resources and ecosystems; so that, it can continue to provide the goods and services the population need.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚自然资源退化趋势：回顾

背景埃塞俄比亚拥有丰富的自然资源，包括充足的陆地、肥沃的土壤、有利的气候、水、野生动物等。它的许多资源没有得到正确识别、良好管理和充分利用。本次审查关注的是整理关于土地、水、森林、牧场和野生动物资源状况的当前知识状态，从而评估它们的退化趋势。结果 在埃塞俄比亚，自然资源受到人口压力、农业扩张、移民、快速城市化、移民安置、气候变化和环境污染等各种相互关联的因素的影响。其庞大的人口数量给几乎所有类型自然资源的可持续性带来了沉重负担。因此，土地、水、森林、牧场和似乎相互取食的野生动物资源。这会导致严重的土壤流失、植被覆盖率低、不可持续的耕作方式、持续使用粪便和作物残留物作为燃料、过度放牧以及野生动物的破坏和/或迁徙，这些都再次加剧了可用资源退化的恶性循环。该过程以水质恶化、生物多样性下降等环境后果加剧而告终，并避免了生态系统服务。它进一步概括了各种社会经济问题、政治不稳定、边缘化、贫困和反复出现的自然灾害。埃塞俄比亚政府采取了多项措施来解决这些问题，例如发起水土保持运动、植树计划等；然而，迄今为止的成功，已被限制。结论 必须特别注意妥善管理自然资源和生态系统；因此，它可以继续提供人们需要的商品和服务。