Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) production in Tanzania is constrained by several pre-harvest factors that include pests. Hexanal, sprayed as Enhanced Freshness Formulation (EFF) is a relatively new technology that has been reported to reduce pre-harvest loss in fruits. However, the effects of hexanal on pre-harvest yield loss of orange are not known. We studied the effects of hexanal as EFF on yield losses of three sweet orange cultivars namely, Early Valencia, Jaffa, and Late Valencia. Factorial experiments tested the effects of EFF concentration, variety, and time of EFF application on number of dropped fruit, percentage of non-marketable fruit and incidence of pest damage. Results showed significant negative correlation (p < 0.001) between EFF and the percentage of dropped fruit, non-marketable yield, and incidence of pest damage. An increase in hexanal concentration by 1%, is expected to reduce number of dropped fruit by 50, percentage of non-marketable by 35.6, and incidences of pest damage by 36.5% keeping other factors constant. Results also show significant association (p < 0.001) between time of hexanal application and non-marketable yield. Percentage of dropped fruit is expected to increase by 1 for each day away from harvest, keeping other factors constant. Pre-harvest application of hexanal as EFF can significantly reduce number of dropped fruits, percentage of non-marketable fruit and incidence of pest damage.

中文翻译：

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收获前在田间施用的新鲜度更高的配方可减少橘子的产量损失

坦桑尼亚的柑桔（Citrus sinensis L.）生产受到包括虫害在内的若干收获前因素的限制。喷洒为增强新鲜度配方（EFF）的己醛是一种相对较新的技术，据报道可减少水果的收获前损失。但是，己醛对橙子收获前产量损失的影响尚不清楚。我们研究了戊醛作为EFF对三个甜橙品种，即早期巴伦西亚，贾法和晚期巴伦西亚的产量损失的影响。析因实验测试了EFF浓度，EFF的种类和施用时间对落果数量，不可销售水果的百分比以及害虫损害发生率的影响。结果表明，EFF与落果百分比，不可销售的产量和病虫害发生率之间具有显着的负相关性（p <0.001）。将己醛的浓度提高1％，预计可减少落果数量，减少50％，不可销售的百分比，减少35.6，有害生物损害的发生率，降低36.5％，从而使其他因素保持不变。结果还表明，在施肥时间和不可销售的产量之间存在显着的关联（p <0.001）。在其他因素保持不变的情况下，预计收割后每天掉果的百分比将增加1。收获前使用己二醛作为EFF可以显着减少落果数量，不可销售水果的百分比以及虫害的发生率。001）进行己二酸施用的时间与不可出售的收益率之间。在其他因素保持不变的情况下，预计收割后每天掉果的百分比将增加1。收获前使用己二醛作为EFF可以显着减少落果数量，不可销售水果的百分比以及虫害的发生率。001）进行己二酸施用的时间与不可出售的收益率之间。在其他因素保持不变的情况下，预计收割后每天掉果的百分比将增加1。收获前使用己二醛作为EFF可以显着减少落果数量，不可销售水果的百分比以及虫害的发生率。