Patients with schizophrenia and related disorders have more physical problems than the general population. Primary care professionals play an important role in the care of these patients as they are the main entry point into the healthcare system. We aimed to identify patient, general practitioner, and primary care centre factors associated with the number of visits of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders to general practitioners. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 primary care centres belonging to the Clinical Management Unit of Mental Health of the Regional Hospital of Málaga, Spain. The eligible population was composed of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders attending the primary care centres in the study area, and the general practitioners who attend these patients. Our dependent variable was the total number of general practitioner visits made by patients with schizophrenia and related disorders during the 3.5-year observation period. The independent variables were grouped into three: (a) patient variables (sociodemographic and clinical), (b) general practitioner variables, and (c) primary care centre characteristics. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses using the random forest method were performed. A total of 259 patients with schizophrenia and related disorders, 96 general practitioners, and 13 primary care centres were included. The annual mean was 3.9 visits per patient. The results showed that younger general practitioners, patients who were women, patients who were married, some primary care centres to which the patient belonged, taking antipsychotic medication, presenting any cardiovascular risk factor, and more frequency of mental health training sessions at the primary care centre were associated with an increased number of visits to general practitioners. The only general practitioner variable that was associated with the number of visits was age, the older the less contact. There were also patient variables involved in the number of visits. Finally, mental health training for general practitioners was important for these professionals to manage patients with schizophrenia and related disorders.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症患者的初级保健模式：患者，全科医生和中心因素的作用

精神分裂症和相关疾病的患者比一般人群有更多的身体问题。初级保健专业人员在这些患者的护理中起着重要作用，因为它们是医疗系统的主要切入点。我们旨在确定与精神分裂症和相关疾病的患者就诊次数有关的患者，全科医生和初级保健中心因素。在西班牙马拉加地区医院心理健康临床管理部门的13个初级保健中心进行了描述性横断面研究。符合条件的人群由在研究区域就读初级保健中心的精神分裂症和相关疾病患者以及参加这些患者的全科医生组成。我们的因变量是在3.5年的观察期内患有精神分裂症和相关疾病的全科医生就诊的总数。自变量分为三类：（a）患者变量（社会统计学和临床​​），（b）全科医生变量和（c）初级保健中心特征。使用随机森林方法进行了描述性，双变量和多变量分析。总共包括259位精神分裂症及相关疾病患者，96位全科医生和13个初级保健中心。年平均为每位患者3.9次就诊。结果显示，年轻的全科医生，女性患者，已婚患者，患者所属的一些初级保健中心正在服用抗精神病药物，由于存在任何心血管危险因素，因此在初级保健中心进行精神健康培训的频率更高，这与全科医生的就诊次数增加有关。与访问次数相关的唯一普通医生变量是年龄，年龄越大，接触越少。访视次数也涉及患者变量。最后，对全科医生的心理健康培训对于这些专业人员管理精神分裂症和相关疾病的患者很重要。访视次数也涉及患者变量。最后，对全科医生的心理健康培训对于这些专业人员管理精神分裂症和相关疾病的患者很重要。访视次数也涉及患者变量。最后，对全科医生的心理健康培训对于这些专业人员管理精神分裂症和相关疾病的患者很重要。